Thread by @Grimhood, This is why we avoid artificial blue light (especially at night), wear [...]

This is why we avoid artificial blue light (especially at night), wear blue light blockers, and focus on sunlight exposure:

Suppression of Blue Light at Night Ameliorates Metabolic Abnormalities by Controlling Circadian Rhythms https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31504080/

In nocturnal mice, will have an even worse impact on diurnal mammals.

Blue light at night acutely impairs glucose tolerance and increases sugar intake in the diurnal rodent Arvicanthis ansorgei in a sex-dependent manner https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC6811685/#!po=0.862069

Diurnal rats will be more in line with diurnal humans.

Light at night acutely impairs glucose tolerance in a time-, intensity- and wavelength-dependent manner in rats https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC5487588/

Nocturnal rats again. Common LED and fluorescent lights have green light spectrum = glucose intolerance.

Metabolic Effects of Light at Night are Time‐ and Wavelength‐Dependent in Rats https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC7497257/

Nocturnal rats. Glucose intolerance.

Daytime Blue Light Enhances the Nighttime Circadian Melatonin Inhibition of Human Prostate Cancer Growth https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC4681241/

Blue light is naturally present during morning and midday primarily.

Metabolic Implications of Exposure to Light at Night: Lessons from Animal and Human Studies https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/oby.22807

“Associated with an increased incidence of overweight, obesity, and atherosclerosis.”

All research applies to humans.

Glucose metabolism in mammalian photoreceptor inner and outer segments https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ceo.12952

Interconnections between circadian clocks and metabolism https://www.jci.org/articles/view/148278

Nutrition in the spotlight: metabolic effects of environmental light https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/proceedings-of-the-nutrition-society/article/nutrition-in-the-spotlight-metabolic-effects-of-environmental-light/B7141BBA11EBB769C4C64448F072D043

Dark matters: effects of light at night on metabolism https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/proceedings-of-the-nutrition-society/article/dark-matters-effects-of-light-at-night-on-metabolism/912C3E5142E0338FF88B7039EA8FDF8F

Blue light effect on retinal pigment epithelial cells by display devices https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28386617/

Full link to study: https://twin.sci-hub.se/6321/b1304c9beeeb89419273d071b74a2bf9/moon2017.pdf

Blue light from devices degenerates the retina.

Melatonin Alleviates Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders in Guinea Pigs Caused by Different Artificial Light Rhythms https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jdr/2020/4927403/

In guinea pigs, but melatonin in humans is created by sunlight, sustained by total darkness or fire, and destroyed by ALAN.

Continuous Light-Induced PCOS-Like Changes in Reproduction, Metabolism, and Gut Microbiota in Sprague-Dawley Rats https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.03145/full

Continuous artificial light causes PCOS and related gut microbiome perturbations in rats. The same applies to humans: light, cortisol/melatonin, metabolic health.

Mitochondria as Potential Targets and Initiators of the Blue Light Hazard to the Retina https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/omcl/2019/6435364.pdf

The Circadian Nature of Mitochondrial Biology https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC5165042/

Circadian rhythms in mitochondrial respiration https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC5854864/

Zeitgebers of skeletal muscle and implications for metabolic health https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1113/JP280884

Running on time: the role of circadian clocks in the musculoskeletal system https://portlandpress.com/biochemj/article/463/1/1/47935/Running-on-time-the-role-of-circadian-clocks-in

A Robust Model for Circadian Redox Oscillations https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/590570v1.full.pdf

Mitochondrial function is controlled by melatonin and its metabolites in vitro in human melanoma cells https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jpi.12728

Regulation of Circadian Clocks by Redox Homeostasis https://www.jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(20)49056-8/fulltext

Metabolism control by the circadian clock and vice versa https://www.nature.com/articles/nsmb.1595

Full link to study: https://moscow.sci-hub.se/1054/027e42738963031a07cdd7d7c1dc7e4f/eckel-mahan2009.pdf

The circadian control of NAD+ metabolism, implicated in longevity, many diseases, and even COVID, is rarely talked about.

Melatonin’s neuroprotective role in mitochondria and its potential as a biomarker in aging, cognition and psychiatric disorders https://www.nature.com/articles/s41398-021-01464-x

Lack of sunlight (melatonin = light hormone) and excessive artificial light at night lends to aging and neurodegeneration.

Circadian Clock NAD+ Cycle Drives Mitochondrial Oxidative Metabolism in Mice https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC3963134/

Circadian gene Clock participates in mitochondrial apoptosis pathways by regulating mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondria out membrane permeablization and apoptosis factors in AML12 hepatocytes https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11010-020-03701-1

Having a natural circadian rhythm protects liver.

Circadian regulation of mitochondrial uncoupling and lifespan https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-15617-x

Extends the lifespan in flies.

Sirtuins and the circadian clock: Bridging chromatin and metabolism https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25205852/

Full link to study: https://moscow.sci-hub.se/4028/d9036b8fab0af96555b9592074bfb4e5/masri2014.pdf

Circadian regulation of cardiac metabolism https://www.jci.org/articles/view/148276

Essential to heart health. Hint hint.

Melatonin as a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant: one of evolution's best ideas https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28864909/

Full link to study: https://sci-hub.se/tree/15/2d/152d25a242575566c45c010d55c95c81.pdf

Differential Phasing between Circadian Clocks in the Brain and Peripheral Organs in Humans https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC5105327/#!po=1.16279

Circadian Biology: A 2.5 Billion Year Old Clock https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(12)00668-9

Circadian CLOCK genes are a couple billion year old mechanism in all living species.

Circadian Clock Genes REV-ERBs Inhibits Granulosa Cells Apoptosis by Regulating Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Autophagy in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.658112/full

Cell line study in a PCOS model, though again supporting autophagy/apoptosis being regulated by CB.

Disrupted circadian core-clock oscillations in Type 2 Diabetes are linked to altered rhythmic mitochondrial metabolism https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.02.24.432683v1.full

Circadian rhythm and mitochondria control all energy metabolism.

Crosstalk between metabolism and circadian clocks https://www.nature.com/articles/s41580-018-0096-9?WT.feed_name=subjects_cell-biology

Full link to study: https://sci-hub.se/downloads/2019-01-18//5e/[email protected]

““metabolic regulation is not a mere output function of the circadian system, but nutrient, energy and redox levels signal back to cellular clocks in order to reinforce circadian rhythmicity and to adapt physiology to temporal tissue-specific needs”

Circadian gene Clock regulates mitochondrial morphology and functions by posttranscriptional way https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/365452v1.full

The circadian coordination of cell biology https://rupress.org/jcb/article/215/1/15/38747/The-circadian-coordination-of-cell-biologyThe

Loss of Prune in Circadian Cells Decreases the Amplitude of the Circadian Locomotor Rhythm in Drosophila https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC6405476/

Circadian dysregulation CAUSES mitochondrial dysfunction in flies.

Redox biology and the interface between bioenergetics, autophagy and circadian control of metabolism https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC5124549/#!po=0.450450

Circadian clock, nutrient quality, and eating pattern tune diurnal rhythms in the mitochondrial proteome https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC4812772/#!po=2.77778

Circadian Rhythms and Mitochondria: Connecting the Dots https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC6187225/#!po=1.04167

Mitochondria: An Integrative Hub Coordinating Circadian Rhythms, Metabolism, the Microbiome, and Immunity https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC7025554/#!po=0.438596

This one is important. Read it. Memorize it.