The secularization of the Muslim World is a trend I expect to see accelerate in the coming decade. This will be driven by economic considerations in places like the Arab Gulf but also public disillusionment or apathy with political Islamic movements. https://twitter.com/HSajwanization/status/1382649617804898304

A lot of the recent liberalization in Saudi Arabia for example was triggered by a need to diversify away from oil which would require greater convergence with global norms that they were once able to resistant thanks to the oil money buffer.

The post-colonial elites of Muslim nations were generally apathetic to political Islam and reactionary politics because with their failure keep up with the rapid economic and technological growth of the West and their inability to resist colonialism as the main reasons why.

Starting most notably with the Islamic Revolution of Iran and Saudi response to the Grand Mosque Seizure there was a consistent growth in public support for political Islam that I think peaked in the early to mid 2010s.

But ultimately these movements failed to do with their pre-colonial predecessors also failed in. Growing the economy, ensuring technological growth, bringing stability. Complex reasons why they couldn't. But at some point people just grow apathetic.