How should we classify #onlinerisks for #children?
@Livingstone_S and @Mariya_Stoilova propose a new approach based on #4Cs of risk.
Let's take a look at the updated model in this #thread for #researchers, #educators, #policymakers and #parents.
https://core-evidence.eu/updating-the-4cs-of-online-risk/

Since 2009, the @EUKIDSONLINE's 3Cs of online risk is a popular and widely used classification and starting point for stakeholders and practitioners in #education, #research and #policy making.

@S_Livingstone and @Mariya_Stoilova updated the 3Cs adding a fourth - #contract, making it the #4Cs of online risks:
#content, #contact, #conduct and #contract.
The model introduces three dimensions in relation to the nature of risks: #aggressive, #sexual and #values.

1. #Content
Child as a recipient
May include content such as:
Aggressive violent, gory, graphic, racist, hateful information & communication
Sexual pornography, body image norms
Values #disinfomation, age-inappropriate marketing

2. #Contact
Child as participant
May include harmful interaction such as:
Aggressive harassment, #stalking, surveillance
Sexual sexual #harassment, #grooming, sextortion, generation/sharing of child sexual abuse material
Values ideological persuasion/manipulation

3. #Conduct
Child as actor
May include harmful conduct such as:
Aggressive #bullying, hateful or hostile communication or peer activity
Sexual sexual harassment, non-consensual sexual messaging
Values harmful user communities e.g self-harm, anti-vaccine

4. #Contract
Child as contractual party
May include harmful commercial interests such as:
Aggressive identity theft, #fraud, scams, #hacking
Sexual #trafficking for purposes of sexual exploitation
Values gambling, filter bubbles, micro-targeting

#CrossCuttingRisks

Want to know more? Read the full short report by @Livingstone_S and @Mariya_Stoilova here http://bit.ly/core-sr2-4Cs  and check out the CO:RE #ShortReportSeries coordinated by @VeronikaKalmus, @unitartu
#OpenAccess