Space travel, illnesses like COVID-19, and climbing Mount Everest can trigger the body’s stress response systems in similar ways, according to new studies by Weill Cornell Medicine, space agencies...

As of 2020, fewer than 600 individuals have left Earth to experience work and life in space. That number will grow as government-funded and commercial space programs move forward in countries around...

An international group of spaceflight researchers detail how spaceflight affects human biology from the molecular to physiological level and identify key challenges for making space exploration...

A comprehensive multi-omics analysis from 59 astronauts and hundreds of samples flown in space provides insight into fundamental biological mechanisms affected by spaceflight and highlights mitocho...

Malkani et al. uncover the role of circulating microRNAs as both a potential biomarker for health risks associated with spaceflight and a countermeasure to mitigate the damage caused to the body by...

Bezdan et al. present a characterization of the cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and exosome profiles from two astronauts, including some taken mid-flight. Novel signatures of brain-derived peptides in exomes,...

Consistent with findings first observed for NASA’s One-Year Mission twin astronaut, Luxton et al. report spaceflight-specific telomere elongation in ISS crewmembers on shorter duration missions....

Luxton et al. examine telomeres and telomerase activity after spaceflight and propose a telomeric adaptive response to chronic oxidative damage in extreme environments, whereby the telomerase-indep...

Trinchant et al. examined twin astronauts for clonal hematopoiesis (CH). Some high-risk CH clones (TET2 and DNMT3A) were observed two decades before expected, with TET2 decreasing in spaceflight and...

Gertz et al. present a re-analysis of the landing data from the NASA Twins Study, suggesting that the biochemical signature reflects muscle regeneration after atrophy rather than a detrimental...

Telomeres are regions of repetitive nucleotide sequences capping the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes that protect against deterioration, whose lengths can be correlated with age and disease risk...

Background. Crewed NASA missions to other solar system bodies are currently being planned. One high-profile scientific focus during such expeditions would be life detection, specifically the discov...

Malaria remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality within the developing world. Recent work has implicated chromosome end stability and the repair of DNA breaks through telomere healing as...

Microbial transfer of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains from the environment can influence a person’s health, but such studies are rare and the phenomenon is difficult to study. Here, we use...

Metabolites produced by enteric microbes may have important effects on astronauts on long-duration missions. The NASA Twins Study provided the most comprehensive multi-scale omics data to date from...

Spaceflight has been documented to produce a number of detrimental effects to physiology and genomic stability, partly a result of Galactic Cosmic Radiation (GCR). In recent years, extensive research...