OK, here's the deal on the yellow card to Pedro Gallese

Because @MLS started before the IFAB 20/21 took effect, the league is on the 19/20 version. For 19/20, if the PK needs to be retaken due to GK encroachment, a yellow card will be issued, even on the first offense.

If that seems harsh, clearly IFAB agreed. For the 20/21 update, I've highlighted the changes.

So did it feel harsh in the moment, especially via VAR? Absolutely, but it was by the letter of the laws. I can't tell you how often I tear my hair out over the letter of the law.

In other words, direct your anger/frustration at IFAB 2019/20.

As for the substitution confusion, I believe this is the explanation...

"Teams can make a Sixth Sub if the game goes into Extra Time and have been allotted and extra ‘event’ to make that sub during extra time."

Key phrase: extra time.

That's what gave us Rodrigo Schlegel