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Monogamy is essentially patriarchy's kids brother. But I'll get into that later on.
Biologically there are creatures on the planet that will reproduce with 1 mate & 1 mate only. Humans were subjected to it because once polygyny was outlawed in the west ESSENTIALLY ALL MEN could find a wife & women could no longer be monopolized.
It was romanticised so women would go for men other then the elite wealthy. "He's not rich but he's so nice" 
Monogamy also made it so that less men switched sides politically after being bribed with the promise of riches & harem's. They couldn't complete with those who already had accumulated wealth so they'd seize the opportunity to build their legacies.
Once christianity was thrown into the mix, the powers that be no longer had to force their mandate, they could just rely on their newly forced religion to program monogamy in the name of their God.
Monogamy was an institution created & enforced solely for POLITICAL benefits. Remember the phrase "All men are created equal"? Yeah. Basically all men reserve the right to procreate 
& now we're here.
& now we're here.
When polygyny was prevalent i believe would have been around the times of class systems. Men chose their wives based on their beauty. Typically the women from poorer classes would become concubines. Some would bear children but the child rarely carried the father's name.
This would indeed increase the mother's name as a household class wise through the child, however.. the child being born out of wedlock was labeled as a bastard.
Mind you, this is the WESTERN version of polygyny & monogamy I am referencing. Not the traditional one. I plan to get into that in my video later.
