"HISTORY OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES"

Every time you like a post, send an email on the computer, a programming language is working behind.

But where did it all begin? Let's take a tour of the history of programming languages.

A Thread

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1843: Machine Algorithm

Ada Lovelace invents the first-ever machine algorithm for Charles Babbage’s Difference Machine that lays the foundation for all programming languages.

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1945: Plankalkül

In 1945, Konrad Zuse developed the first ‘real’ programming language called Plankalkül.

Zeus’s language allowed for the creations of procedures, which stored chunks of code that could be invoked over and over to perform routine operations.

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1949: Assembly Language

Assembly language was used in the Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator (EDSAC).

Assembly language was a type of low-level programming language that simplified the language of machine code.

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1949: Shortcode

Shortcode (or Short-order code), was the first High-Level Language (HLL) suggested by John McCauley in 1949.

However, it was William Schmitt who implemented it for the BINAC computer the same year and for the UNIVAC in 1950.

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1952: Autocode

Autocode was a general term used for a family of programming languages.

Autocode was the first-ever compiled language to be implemented meaning that it can be translated directly into machine code using a program called a compiler.

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1957: FORTRAN

FORmula TRANslation or FORTRAN was created by John Backus and is considered to be the oldest programming language in use today.

The programming language was created for high-level scientific, mathematical, and statistical computations.

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1958: ALGOL (Algorithmic Language)

ALGOL served as the starting point for the development of some of the most important programming languages including Pascal, C, C++, and Java.

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1958: LISP (List Processor)

LISP was invented by John McCarthy, originally purposed for Artificial Intelligence.

LISP is one of the oldest programming languages still in use today and can be used in the place of Ruby or Python.

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1959: COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language)

COBOL is the programming language behind many credit card processors, ATMs, telephone and cell calls, hospital signals, and traffic signals systems.

COBOL is still used to this day primarily for banking systems.

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1964: BASIC

BASIC was developed by a group of students at Dartmouth College.

Later the language was developed further by Microsoft founders Bill Gates and Paul Allen and became the first marketable product of the company.

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1970: PASCAL

Niklaus Wirth developed the language in honor of Blaise Pascal. It was developed as a learning tool for computer programming which meant it was easy to learn.

It was favored by Apple in the early days, because of its ease of use and power.

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1972: C

Developed by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories. Many of the current languages are derivatives of C including; C#, Java, JavaScript, and Python.

It is still being used by huge companies like Google, Facebook, and Apple.

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1972: SQL

SQL was first developed by IBM researchers. It is used for viewing and changing information that is stored in databases.

Nowadays the language is an acronym – SQL, which stands for Structured Query Language.

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1983: C++

Bjarne Stroustrup modified the C language. C++ is an extension of C with enhancements such as classes, virtual functions, and templates.

It has been listed in the top 10 programming languages since 1986 and received Hall of Fame status in 2003.

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1983: Objective-C

Developed by Brad Cox and Tom Love, Objective-C is the main programming language used to write software for macOS and iOS, Apple’s operating systems.

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1991: Python

Python was developed by Guido Van Rossum. It's a general-purpose, high-level language.

Python is, one of the most popular programming languages in the world is used by companies such as Google, yahoo, and Spotify.

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1991: Visual Basic

Developed by Microsoft, Visual Basic allows programmers to utilize a drag-and-drop style of choosing and changing pre-selected chunks of code through a graphical user interface (GUI).

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1993: Ruby

Created by Yukihiro Matsumoto, Ruby is an interpreted high-level programming language. Ruby’s primary uses are for web applications development and Ruby on Rails.

Twitter, Hulu, and Groupon are some well-known examples of companies that use Ruby.

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1995: Java

Java is a general-purpose, high-level language created by James Gosling for an interactive TV project.

It has cross-platform functionality and is consistently among the top of the world’s most popular programming languages.

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1995: PHP

PHP was developed by Rasmus Lerdorf. Its primary uses include building and maintaining dynamic web pages, as well as server-side development.

Some of the biggest companies use PHP including Facebook, Wikipedia, Digg, WordPress, and Joomla.

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1995: JavaScript

JavaScript was created by Brendan Eich, this language is primarily used for dynamic web development, PDF documents, web browsers, and desktop widgets.

Almost every major website uses JavaScript.

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2000: C#

C# is based on C++ and shares many similarities with Java.

The language is used in almost all Microsoft products and is seen primarily in developing desktop applications.

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2009: Go

Go was developed by Google to address issues that occur due to large software systems.

Go has gained popularity among some of the largest tech companies around the world such as Google, Uber, Twitch, and Dropbox.

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2014: Swift

Swift was developed by @Apple. Swift’s versatility means it can be used for desktop, mobile, and cloud applications.

Leading language app ‘Duolingo’ launched a new app that was written in Swift.

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