People often ask, what& #39;s the difference between misinformation, disinformation, media manipulation, etc. In lectures, I found the best way for people to understand concepts is with a real-life example. Here are these ideas in action using what& #39;s happening right now. https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🧵" title="Thread" aria-label="Emoji: Thread">

Misinformation - the Polls. They predicted a "blue wave" and waning support for Trump. They were wrong, but pollsters& #39; intent was not to deceive the public (IMO)

Disinformation - Trump claiming he won the election before all votes were counted. He did not have 270 electoral votes. He was wrong and he knew it.

Malinformation - Distorting the fact that GA, NC, NV, PA are still counting votes. Other states are still counting votes! It& #39;s just that states like LA or NY are so far in one direction the outstanding votes left to be counting won& #39;t change the electoral outcome.

Media Manipulation - Claiming "The Left" is trying to "steal" the election. Search for more information on this and the top return is a conservative website claiming this election is stolen. "Stop the steal" is a curated keyword.

Problematic Information = all of the above. These examples erode public confidence in the election (including bad polling). But the goal of spreading dis-mal information pertaining to counting votes/false wins is to create civil conflict. The intent is to harm democracy.

Many of these concepts were developed by the always brilliant @cjack @cward1e - although lots of us think about it now.
More resources here:
https://medium.com/1st-draft/fake-news-its-complicated-d0f773766c79">https://medium.com/1st-draft... https://datasociety.net/library/lexicon-of-lies/">https://datasociety.net/library/l...