TYPES OF DAAN(CHARITY/दान)AND ITS IMPORTANCE

As narrated by Narad Rishi, once there was a Akashvani which requested Katyayan Muni to seek Rishi Saarasvat and know about the nuances of Dharma Tatva. So the Muni travelled upto Saraswati river and

went to him to understand the philosophy of Dharma.

The Rishi, among other things explained the importance of Dharma. This mortal world is just a reflection of your shadow. He advised that if one wants to seek Moksha then we have to

follow the path of Dharma and always should be charitable. Only the amount required for the upkeep of family should be kept, rest everything should be given in charity. Lead a path of Satya, Good behaviour, Kind words, Protecting Dharma and upkaar to others.

If you desire charity, your existence will have a relevance. If charity is done without any intent you get Moksha. If charity is for a specific purpose then you get the good result only for your present life. Actually Daan or Charity is a difficult task since your

inner inclinations come in the way. So surrendering a thing becomes difficult. Continuous Charity wins you the Punya for many lives. There are many stories in our ancient texts about Kings donating everything towards charity and have gone to Swarg.

Once Narad and Bhrigu Muni went in search of a land to settle the Brahmins. They reached the banks of Mahi and decided that this was the right place. But this land belonged to King Dharmverma.Narad was reluctant to ask charity from the King as there would be no Punya in that act.

The muni's have described three types of Dravya(Charity), SHUKLA, SHABAL AND KRISHNA.

A) SHUKLA:-
A brahmin receiving charity from the student after teaching him Vedas is SHUKLA.

B)SHBAAL:-Dravya got from business, farming etc is Shabal

C) KRISHNA:-And through robbery the dravya becomes Krishna.

SHUKLA form was the best So he decides that he will receive only SHUKLA form of charity by answering and solving the following SHLOKA.

द्विहेतु षडधिष्ठानं षडन्गम् च द्विपाकयुक्।

चतुष्प्रकारं त्रिविधं त्रिनाशं दानमुच्यते॥

The King Dharmsen wanted to Know the two reasons for Daan, its six approaches, six parts, two results and four types of vinaash or loss due to wrong charity. But no one was able to get it right.

So Naarad with SHUKLA type of Charity in his mind, deciphers this mantra and explains it to him.
The two reasons for Daan should be Shradha and Shakti. This means your complete conviction and your ability to give.

Even if you surrender your life towards charity without firm conviction, then that charity is useless. Shradha is of three types. They are satviki, Rajsi and Taamsi.

The one who performs puja to devtas are SATVIKI, the one who are RAJSI, are devotees of Yaksha and

the worshipper of Pret and demons is Taamsi.
Secondly your Charity should be equivalent to your ability to give, not more nor less.

The two results would be one for the Parlok and the other for this lok:-

A)Charity given to suitable and eligible person helps you in Parlok.

B)But the other way round only helps you in this lok.

The four types of Daan are Dhruv, Trik, Kaamya and Naimitik.
1)DRUV-Constructing a well and building a garden is Dhruv.
2)TRIK-Donating things daily is Trik.
3)KAAMYA-Donating in order to fulfill your wish is Kaamya.

4)NAIMITIK-Naimitik is of three types.
A)The charity done on Sankrant and eclipse is Kaalpeksh.
B)The charity done during Shradh is Kriyapeksh.
C)The charity done during Sanskaars and pertaining to Vidya is Gunapeksh.

The eight things when donated, are auspicious. They are

1)House,
2)Temple,
3)Vidya,
4)Land,
5)Cow,
6)Well,
7)Praan and
8)Gold are counted as Uttam daan.

Food, Garden, Clothes and Horses account for Madhyam daan.
Shoes,umbrella,curd,honey, mat,wood etc are Kanishtha daan.

The three things that render your daan to be null and void are Repentance on giving, Daan to the eligible and ineligible and daan given without any inner conviction. On getting the desired reply, the king donated a huge chunk of land along with gold coins to Naarad.

Source-Skanda puran

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