The two types of charging are wired and wireless. Wired can be faster, but not always: what matters is the power of the charger. Until very recently every iPhone came with a 5W charger, but iPhones have supported fast charging since the iPhone 8.
For that you’ll need an 18W charger or better, and it should have a USB-C connector, not the more familiar USB-A.
Does fast charging cause any damage?
No. So long as your iPhone has the Fast Charge capabilities (this includes the iPhone 8 and later) then the battery and iOS work together to ensure that it won't overheat or cause any harm.
If you have a thick protective case on your iPhone, it might be a good idea to remove it while using a fast-charger, just so the heat dissipates easily and doesn't trigger the software warnings to slow down the power flow.
How to wirelessly charge your iPhone
Wireless charging uses magnetic induction to charge your iPhone.Wireless isn’t as fast, but it’s more convenient. Most wireless iPhone chargers deliver 5W or 7.5W and work through most iPhone cases.
Most standalone charging pads expect you to provide the actual charger brick, and can’t deliver more power than you put into them – so even if an iPhone wireless charging pad ( https://www.apple.com/uk/search/wireless-iPhone-car-chargers?sel=accessories&tab=accessories&src=serp) can deliver 7.5W, it can’t do that if you’re plugging it into a charger that…
…only gives it 5W.
How to pick a charger
Don’t just look at the price. Look at what you want to do now, and what you might want to do next year.
For example, an 18W charger will fast charge your iPhone ( https://www.apple.com/uk/search/18W-USB-C-Power-Adapter?tab=accessories), but it’s not powerful enough to run a MacBook Pro; a more powerful one may be a better option for your future tech arsenal.
It’s also wise to go for USB-C even if you don’t need it right now: that’s where everything is heading, so USB-C is future-proof and backwards compatible.
Just remember that we mean USB-C plugging into the charger, and Lightning on the other end of the cable to plug into the iPhone.
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