These findings are from a report published today by @TeamUpturn.

They collected years of public records that undercut both law enforcement's complaints that encryption is stifling investigations and Apple's marketing that iPhones are impenetrable. https://www.upturn.org/reports/2020/mass-extraction/
At least 49 of the 50 largest U.S. police departments have the tools, as well as many smaller agencies in places like Buckeye, Ariz., and Walla Walla, Wash.

The records suggest that U.S. authorities have searched hundreds of thousands of phones since 2015.

Map: @TeamUpturn
The records also show that law enforcement use the tools in an increasing range of cases -- not just murders and kidnappings, but drugs and shoplifting, too.

Here's a 2017 warrant to search phones related to a fight over $70 at a McDonald's in Coon Rapids, Minn.
Authorities say the tools are hardly a panacea.

Sometimes they work within hours; sometimes they take weeks; and sometimes they can't get in at all.

That's because they rely on guessing a phone's passcode and, well, that can take a while. https://twitter.com/jacknicas/status/1218197925391630340?s=20
The tools also aren't cheap. They go for roughly $9,000 to $18,000 each, plus up to $15,000 more in annual fees, according to invoices.

There are also now premium tools that can crack into newer phones but cost much more. Here's a March invoice from Dallas for $227,000.
Apple has long made security central to iPhone marketing. This ad played constantly during the NBA playoffs.

Apple said its security helps "customers defend against criminals, hackers & identity thieves.” But it added: No device can be truly impenetrable.
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