Mega thread for manuscripts, inscriptions, documents and other pieces of writing from africa (ex-north)

The oldest from WestAfrica come from cities associated with ancient ghana b'tn 950-1150AD
-plaques from its capital kumbi saleh & tedgoust
-epitaphs from gao, essuk & bentyia https://twitter.com/rhaplord/status/1058291367787589632
1st cent. BC royal stela of Queen amanirenas of kush inscribed in meroitic

The Meroitic script is one of africa's oldest (mid-third century BC)
Kush's meroitic language (since the kingdom of kerma in 2500BC) had long been written in egyptian hieroglyphics https://twitter.com/rhaplord/status/1210518666703462400
15th century epitaph of a swahili elite from mombasa: Mwana wa bwana binti mwindani

some of the oldest preserved swahili pieces of writing come from shanga (9th cent. silver coins) and zanzibar ( 1107 mosque inscription) https://twitter.com/rhaplord/status/1151426634953760768
An Old-nubian apocryphal manuscript written in the 10th century at the Qsar el-Wizz monastery in Sudan

The oldest Old nubian writings date from the 8th century, three centuries after kharamadoye's meroitic inscription written in 420AD https://twitter.com/rhaplord/status/1190230781173673984
One of several stelae of emperor ezana of aksum inscribed in ge'ez in the 4th cent. describing -among others- his war in kush against the noba (nubians)

Ezana's war in kush (after 340) followed up on his father Ousanas' defeat of kush (btn 310-320AD) https://twitter.com/rhaplord/status/1123524529316421632
the Tarikh al-sudan chronicle first written by soninke scholar al-mukhtar in 1664 at Timbuktu then edited by fulani scholar (a massina propagandist) Nuh al-tahir in the mid 19th cent. at Hamdallaye

It's one of west africa's oldest preserved chronicles https://twitter.com/rhaplord/status/1171742902336315395
A mathematical manuscript written in 1733 by Al-fullani al-Kishnawi ; a scholar from katsina -a hausa citystate in nigeria https://twitter.com/rhaplord/status/1293829592852172800
Inscribed tombstones of the sultans of dahlak

The port-city was a stronghold of an ethiopian mamluk dynasty that conquered yemen in the early 11th cent. and ruled it and much of south arabia for two centuries at their capital zabid https://twitter.com/rhaplord/status/1217414636049510400
copy of al-ashmawi, a
16th century manuscript in old kanembu written by abubakar bn almahir in bornu

The kanem-bornu kingdom was home to some of the earliest centres of westafrican scholarship
notably the 12th cent. kanuri poet ibrahim al-kanemi https://twitter.com/rhaplord/status/1235910379487850496
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