1/ Stanford Epidemiologist Dr. Ioannidis C19 review 10/7/20 on: C19 infection fatality ratio, dying with or from C19, years of life lost, herd immunity, Tcell immunity, & lockdowns & collateral deaths https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/eci.13423

2/ “Global (C19) infection fatality rate is 0.15-0.20% (0.03-0.04% in those <70 years)”

3/ 3/ “Adherence to stringent clinical case defs plus imaging/pathology documentation for C19 causal impact is often lacking. In high-income countries, almost all the deceased have known comorbidities, raising causality debates on whether some deaths are with rather than by C19”

4/ “Those who die with C19 may have more comorbidities (& thus shorter life expectancy) than the general population at same age. Hanlon et al. adjusted for comorbidities & found that this adjustment decreases the estimated avg yrs of life lost only by 1 year”

5/ “Seroprevalence values ~ 60% documented in overcrowded urban areas in India or S America & highly congested settings, e.g. aircraft carriers. With mixing heterogeneity, lower values, 43% or even 10-20% proposed as required thresholds to stop epidemic propagation”

6/ “Moreover, multiple studies have identified pre-existing cellular immunity that may be effective against SARS-CoV-2 in 20-50% of participant samples. If so, the proportion of people who need to be infected to reach herd immunity may be much lower than originally estimated”

7/ Adverse impact of lockdowns i: “for eg., due to people with acute myocardial infarction not coming to the hospital but the majority may accrue over longer periods of time (Table 1). "

8/ Lockdowns ii “There is strong evidence on the adverse effects of unemployment, financial crises, depression, & social isolation on long-term morbidity & mortality”

9/ Lockdowns iii: “excess deaths from the measures taken is likely to be much larger than the C19 deaths, e.g. disruption of tuberculosis programs alone is expected to cause 1.4 million extra deaths over the next 5 years & the death toll from famine can be even more staggering”

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