šŸ“ŒGMM PFAUDLER
CMP Rs 3639

#Thread #stock #LowfreeFloat

1 week changed Perception from Market #Darling to #manipulation

šŸ“ŒSnippet of SSGR Analysis!

Presenting my Thought Process. šŸ‘‡

@Atulsingh_Asan @AnyBodyCanFly @saketreddy @varinder_bansal @abhymurarka

1
Letā€™s do some self-introspection before raising fingers->

Is business sustainable?
Are fundamentals good?
Did anything change in fundamentals during last 1 week?
Why did share price rise so much?
Why did it fall so much?
If all is well, Is this opportunity?

Letā€™s dig-in !šŸ‘‡

2
šŸ“ŒGMM Business!

Manufactures corrosion resistant glass-lined equipment used primarily in the chemical, pharmaceutical and allied industries.

Now it is diversified & is much more than glass-lined Equipment.

3
Also manufactures flouro-polymer products and other chemical process equipment such as agitated nutsche filters, Magnetic Drive Agitators, Filter Dryers, Spherical Dryers, Paddle Dryers, wiped film evaporators, engineered systems and mixing systems.

4
Glass-lined Equipment means Glass Coated Steel Equipment. Inner Line is glass where chemicals are stored and outer is Steel container for Sturdiness, Durability, Storage & Safe Transportation & Handling. Also avoids corrosion.

5
šŸ“ŒGMM Pfaudler has 3 main product segments ā€“>

Glass-Lined Equipment

Heavy Engineering

Proprietary Products

6
There are only 4-5 players in Glass-Lined Equipment and GMM Pfaudler has 55% Market Share and is highest margin (~22%) business & contributes to 60% of revenue.

7
Why GMM is so much dominant in Glass-Lined Equipment?

šŸ“ŒBecause their Quality is Excellent. Pharma & Chemical companies canā€™t compromise on this aspect due to risks these chemicals carry.

šŸ“ŒThey have big capacities and so they are in position to execute big orders.

8
šŸ“ŒOrder backlog is so high that they were forced to expand capacities & do modernization.

šŸ“ŒAlso, Glass-lined equipment purchase <10% of cost of raw materials to these Pharma & Chemical companies so very much affordable.

9
šŸ“ŒGMM charges little premium (~20%) but its worth it for them given the risks & order execution capacity.

šŸ“ŒPfaudler is not only world leader but also inventor of Glass-lined Equipment. So GMM got top-notch technology from Pfaudler.

10
šŸ“ŒHeavy Engineering contributes ~8.5% of revenue & has least margin ~10%.

It caters to customers in petrochemicals, oil & gas, chemicals & fertilizers.

It has 2 products ā€“ Heat Exchangers & Pressure Vessels.

11
šŸ“ŒProprietary Products contributes ~31% of revenue & has ~13% margin.

This segment is kind of linked with Glass-lined business. If Glass-lines is doing well this also does well.

It can be divided into 3 categories ā€“>

12
šŸ“ŒFiltration & Dryers ā€“ Filters used to separate solids from liquid. Dryers mainly used in API (Pharma)- Around 400 Cr business.

Mavag AG which they acquired in Switzerland in 2008 belongs to this segment.

13
šŸ“ŒMixing Systems (Mixion) ā€“ They have 9 products in this segment. Applications in Pharma, Paints, Biodester & Fermenters, Food & Beverages, Oil & Gas, Chemical, Minerals & Metals, Pulp & Paper, Hydrogenation, Petrochemical, Sugar & Power Generation.

14
Acquired Industrial Mixing Solution segment of Sudarshan Chemicals for expansion. Itā€™s small business (50-60 Cr).

15
šŸ“ŒEngineered Segment ā€“ 2 Categories

Wiped Film Evaporators ā€“ Used in Food Processing, Pharmaceutical, Fine Chemicals, Polymers & Resins, Fats & oils and Petrochemicals

16
Temperature Controlled Units ā€“ Used in pharmaceutical, chemical, biotech, food, flavor & fragrance and nutraceutical industries. They provide systems to service alloy or glass lined reactors.

17
Export is 22% & 78% are used by customers in India.

Major Agro-chemical, Pharma Companies are its Customers->

SRF
PI Industries
Aarti Industries
Sumitomo Chemicals
Clariant
Bayer Cropscience
Lupin
Sun pharma
Cipla
Rallis India
IPCA
Coromondal International
Thermax

18
Excel Cropcare
Unichem
Ion Exchange
GSFC
... list is long

Growth in Pharma, Chemical & Agro-chemical Industry is directly linked to GMM's growth.

19
50% of Revenue comes from Chemical sector & 30% from Pharma. Earlier Pharma share was 50-60% now Chemical is dominating.

We all know how Pharma & chemical industry has been in focus. Both sectors are doing Capex. They all need these Glass-lined Equipment.

20
Covid & Shift from China has also boosted them.

šŸ“ŒSo Business is sustainable & GMM has dominant market share!

21
šŸ“ŒGMM History!
GMM stands for Gujarat Machinery Manufacturers founded by Mr Ashok Patel in 1962.

Listed on BSE in 1963.

Join venture with Pfaudler Inc, USA in 1987 & got 40% Equity ; increased to 51% in 1999.

22
Ownership of Pfaudler Inc has changed several hands & currently itā€™s owned by German Private Equity Fund Deustsche Beteiligungs AG (DBAG) since 2014.

23
Earlier GMM business was India concentrated. It has done some acquisitions and diversified its business too which helped gaining International clients.

Like in 2008 they acquired Mavag AG (engineered equipment) in Switzerland.

24
Current MD, Mr Tarak Patel is son of Ashok Patel.
He joined company in 2001.
In 2005 he became VP of sales and in 2007 became Executive Director.
He is MD for last 5 years.
Under his leadership company stands where it is.

25
Fundamentals!
I evaluate Fundamentals of a Business on following parameters->
Quality
Growth
Efficiency
Profitability
Solvency
Financial Trend

GMM Pfaudler is Top-notch on all these parameters! Letā€™s check how!

26
Sales & Profit Growth šŸ‘
Profit Growth > Sales Growth šŸ‘
ROE, Stock CAGR šŸ‘

27
ROCE = 30%
In last 10yrs.
Last 10yrs ->
Revenue Tripled
Operating Profit grew 10 times
OPM increased from 9% to 19%
NPM increased from 5% to 11%
PBT grew 6 times
PAT grew 8 times
EPS grew 8 times
ROCE increased from 17% to 30%
Paid Dividend Every Year

28
Negligible Debt (D/E 0.1). Mostly remained Debt Free
Net Fixed Asset Turnover Improved
Paid Genuine Corporate Tax Rate
Receivables Days Improved (62 to 46)
Inventory Turnover Improved (1.71 to 2.32)

29
During last 10yrs, for every Rs 1 of Retained Earnings invested in business, GMM Pfaudler rewarded shareholders with 46 times Market Capitalization.

Itā€™s Retained Earnings grew at 9.33% CAGR but EPS grew at 20.03%.

šŸ“ŒIncredible feat.

30
It proves GMM is utilizing its retained earnings well.
These are Warren Buffetā€™s favorite matrix when he looks at businesses.

31
Return on Assets = 21.31% RoA 3yr = 19.63% , RoA 5yr = 17.27%

OPM = 18.66%, 5yr OPM = 15.66%, 10yr OPM = 13.46%

So RoA & OPM has been great and on Increasing Trend.

32
10yr Aggregate:
CFO = Rs 289 Cr
Net Profit = Rs 285 Cr
EBITDA: 450.60 Cr

šŸ“ŒSo GMMā€™s Cumulative CFO is similar in fact little higher than its PAT. So, it was able to convert all its PAT in to Cash flow.

No creative accounting with financial numbers.

33
FCF has been fluctuating but it has always remained +ive. In FY20 FCF was -8.67Cr.

People are concerned over this. Look at Fixed assets it has increased from 78Cr to 147Cr.

So, GMM is doing huge Capex to fulfill its huge order backlog - just normal course of business.

34
So, itā€™s Cumulative Historical FCF wrt CFO has been good. Around 40-50% of Cash Flow converted to FCF.

35
NPM, ROE has been steadily rising since 2012.

36
Promoter holding is 75% after OFS it stands at 54.95%.
No Equity Dilution in last 12 yrs (except current OFS).
No Pledge Shares (Good)
Excellent Growth in Revenue, Net Profit & EPS.
Net Profit & EPS growth are going hand-in-hand(Good Sign)
PHENOMENAL GROWTH

37
Net Profit vs Revenue are going hand-in-hand which indicates that company is able to maintain cost & beat competition if any thereby increased margin along with Revenue.
REMARKABLE PERFRORMANCE!

38
GMM Pfaudler modernization/Capacity Expansion.
In last 4 years 3 plants modernized. DBAG has spent $23 million to get 3 new facilities. Old Plant in Germany Shutdown. Plant in China relocated. Italy plant was shutdown and a new one purchased.

39
After this Pfaudler international business acquisitions all these plants belong to GMM Pfaudler. All these no. are expected to reflect in coming quarters.

40
Debt to Equity is very low (0.1) and most of the time remained Debt free.
Current Ratio & Interest Coverage Ratio has always been great. Altman Z-score = 21.33 well above my comfort level of 2.5
All this gives great SENSE of SAFETY. Hence No SOLVENCY ISSUE.

41
Receivables Days Declined. Inventory Turnover Increased. ROCE is rising.
Net Fixed Asset Turnover(NFAT) has been rising. Asset Turnover Ratio = 1.57 (>1).
5yr Sales CAGR Vs Receivables CAGR ~16% (Great)
5yr Avg Other Income vs Net Profit = 0.21 (Good)

42
Cash Conversion Cycle -> 191 (2011) to 181 (2020) Very little improvement
Working Capital Days -> 122 (2011) to 69 (2020) -> Fantastic
šŸ“ŒGREAT EFFICIENCY!

43
šŸ“ŒSSGR Analysis

GMM Pfaudler SSGR is 44% but it has been growing at 14-16% over last 10 yrs.
So it can fund its future growth with its Profit. Can increase its future growth without changing its Capital Structure(Taking Debt or Diluting Equity).

44
By Far Fast Growth has been funded by Equity/Retained Earnings without much Debt.

šŸ“ŒWACC vs ROCE

GMM Pfaudler ROCE is much greater than its Cost of Capital (WACC).
To learn more about WACC concept please see this #screener thread ā€“>

https://twitter.com/Coolfundoo/status/1300004415013879809?s=20

45
šŸ“ŒVALUATION!
Even after 45% fall from 52W High, GMM Pfaudler Valuations are Expensive in Absolute terms, with Past History & in Comparison with its Peers.
Itā€™s Current PE = 76.55 >3Yr PE (24.46) > 5Yr PE (23.47) > 10Yr PE (19.19)

46
šŸ“ŒCredit Rating
CRISIL has put on its rating on watch due to ongoing development of Pfaudler international business acquisition.
Otherwise it had good Credit Rating.

47
šŸ“ŒMD Remuneration
Mr. Tarak Patel remuneration seems on higher side as per net profit of company. He is drawing maximum remuneration as per allowed limit, though company claims its 5% of net profit but it is 5.91%.

48
šŸ“ŒOFS & who and why the promoters are selling?
GMM Pfaudler has been closely held company. Promoters held 75%. It has very little free float (just 36 Lakh shares available in Public Domain). ~ 29K people hold its share.

49
In last 13 yrs they didnā€™t dilute any Equity. Most of the time remained Debt free. Even during this COVID time they took 11Cr of debt just for Working Capital requirement. So, all this growth they achieved through internal accruals using their retained earnings.

50
On 22 Sep-23 Sep 2020, OFS they sold shares at Rs 3500/share. Letā€™s look at its rational & Management reason/clarification/commitment.
GMM Pfaudler has recently acquired international business of Pfaudler Inc (global parent)

51
Pfaudler Inc is owned by German Private Equity Fund Deustsche Beteiligungs AG (DBAG) since 2014.

Any PE fund invests in a business to monetize it in future. Like Blackrock acquired Mastek & Essel Propack. They will help it grow with their money, contacts & guidance.

52
But after some time (you like it or not) when the plant becomes a fruit-laden tree they will monetize it some or all of it. They are not for charity. Same is true with IPOs (which are more popular than OFS).

53
So as part of larger transaction when this was a good liquidity event for DBAG and being financial investors, they grabbed the opportunity.
So DBAG sold 18% & Patel Family (GMM promoter) sold 2%.

54
Patel family is not keeping this money with themselves they are going to invest this directly into International business.
Now GMM Pfaudler acquired Pfaudler International business in $50.4 Million which was generating $175 Million in revenue. Feels like pretty good bargain.

55
By this way DBAG monetized additional funds from GMM Pfaudler.
After this transaction DBAG will hold 32% & Patel Family will own ~22% both will have lock-in period of 3 years. So, no dilution for next 3 years.

56
After 3 years DBAG can monetize again but Patel Family is saying that they will remain committed to business. In-fact they are saying that they are planning to increase their stake to ~30%.

57
Bringing High Quality Investors & Increasing Free Float
With this transaction the free Float of company will increase to ~45%. 3 to 5 Money Managers from US & 3 to 5 MF from India will pick up the stake.
Opening up for new investors to come in also gives international appeal.

58
SLB matter ā€“ Conference Call GMM Pfaudler on 26Sep2020 - MD Tarak Patel speaks ->

59
šŸ“ŒQuestion around GMM Pfaudler buying Pfaudler International Business?

GMM Pfaudler was giving away 1% of sales to Pfaudler Inc. I think this is now going to stop and every rupee of the international business will flow into GMM Pfaudler balance sheet.

60
šŸ“ŒWhy did share price RISE so much?

GMM Pfaudler has just 36 Lakh shares available in Public Domain. ~29K people hold its share.
We learnt from above that Fundamentals of GMM are very strong and it is Low free float stocks so small interest

61
from few investors make price to go up due to demand supply mis-match. News after news regarding pharma & chemical sectors boost, strong order book & global parent international business acquisition spurt the demand of its shares.

62
šŸ“ŒWhy did it FALL so much?

Equity Dilution via OFS(at Rs 3500 when its recent high was Rs 6900+), SLB, Rumors & Low Free Float are major factors for price fall which is still in lower circuit.

You can see my Low free float #screener Thread here ->
https://twitter.com/Coolfundoo/status/1309725609841635328?s=20

63
šŸ“ŒWhen will price fall arrest?
I donā€™t know for sure. OFS is set at Rs 3500. So all these big reputed institutions & Mutual funds must have done due diligence for price discovery, all business aspects before agreeing to it.

64
They are usually long term investors (min 7 to 10yrs) and actually gauge at business potential in long run. So may be around that price it could form a base. Or it may continue going down & form a base based on this Qtr results.

65
šŸ“ŒFiasco/Confusion/Rumors!

GMM Pfaudler had lately seen lot of rumors/confusion. Wo kehte hai na ā€˜Baal ki Khaal nikalnaā€™ .

Even if somebody tries to make genuine selfless effort to clear the air, they are being trolled.

@Atulsingh_Asan made one such act.

66
@Atulsingh_Asan
Why I say ā€˜selflessā€™ -> He sold out GMM Pfaudler shares 6 months back. I wasnā€™t active on twitter then but I read he mentioned this in his tweet.

67
šŸ“ŒConclusion/My Thought Process

If you have made this far on the #thread you would have learnt that GMM Pfaudler is Fundamentally very strong quality business with strong order backlog. They have been doing capex (investing in the business) ,doing acquisitions

68
to increase capacity as fast as possible to meet growing demand from Pharma & Chemical sectors. There is enough demand coming from Pharma & chemical sectors you can gauge it from the Capex these companies are doing.

69
GMM is world class leader & have 55% market share in Glass-lined Equipment & able to charge premium due to its superior technology & huge order execution capacity.

Promoters have been doing everything right until a week back when they have been made out as villain.

70
They made an attempt to clear the air by coming on TV & doing conference calls.

šŸ“ŒThey explained the reasons for OFS, their commitment for the business & DBAG monetization.

71
šŸ“ŒBoon & Problem both has been Low free float.
Promoter made a point that this transaction will increase free float.
Valuation has been always been high. Now I see bunch of big institutional guys have done their due diligence & arrived at a price (Rs 3500).

72
If promoters are to believe, these institutions are no jokers so in long run it will be business as usual. GMM should benefit from new synergies, Modernization of plants, getting rid of old plants & capacity addition.

73
Though there is 3yr lock-in but another selling from Private Equity DBAG canā€™t be ruled out in which case Promoter has plan to increase their stake.

74
It has appeared many of my screeners due to its fundamentals and is part of my Screening Technique based portfolio->

https://twitter.com/Coolfundoo/status/1283038612855173131?s=20

75
My Understanding of OFS Story !

DBAG German PE fund owns Pfaudler Inc USA since 2014
Pfaudler owns 50.44% in GMM as Foreign promoter
DBAG did lot of improvements, invested money, provided guidance, hence helped grow Pfaudler Inc
šŸ“Œ3 new facilities (DBAG spent $23million)

76
3 plants modernized
German & Italy old plants shutdown
Italy new plant purchased
China plant relocated
DBAG invested all this money not for charity.

77
So DBAG being a financial entity might have communicated to Indian Promoters(Patel family) its intent to monetize its investment (some or all).

They could have simply sold Pfaudler Inc same way they bought but may be they weren't getting buyers/good deal.

78
Patel family didn't want Pfaudler Inc to go to new firm that too after so much Modernization. So, must have offered to buy majority stake.

GMM was already paying Pfaudler Inc 1% of sale who know what would be terms when someone else acquires Pfaudler Inc & squeeze out more.

79
šŸ“ŒAlso, it was good opportunity for GMM Pfaudler (Patel family) to buy global Parent now (just after modernization) then later when valuation becomes expensive (as numbers start flowing in Pfaudler Group P&L).

80
Now these transactions requires money

šŸ“ŒOn 20Aug2020 GMM Pfuadler acquired 54% controlling stake in 9 Pfaudler Group companies across USA, Europe, Brazil & China for 205 Cr($27.4m).

šŸ“ŒGMM Pfaudler got 34.4% directly & balance 19.6% via MAVAG AG its wholly owned subsidiary.

81
Patel Family took 26% stake in Pfaudler Group
In total 80% of Pfaudler Grp was sold

šŸ“ŒNotable point Patel family(promoters) spent their own money to buy 26% stake
They could have purchased entire 80% via GMM

šŸ“ŒMD said they did this to show their own commitment to business

82
MD said GMM Pfaudler is going to raise the stake to 100% in Pfaudler Group after 3yrs.

šŸ“ŒFor this to happen GMM (holds 54%) has to buy 20% from Pfaudler Grp & 26% from Patel family.

83
Now here comes OFS part.
šŸ“ŒDBAG is monetizing & now Patel family also needs money to buy 26% in Pfaudler International.

Selling in market isn't an option it will be disaster nor they will get enough money out of it.

84
GMM Pfaudler business is doing well & has rich valuations.

It has been closely held by Promoters(75%) and people are also complaining about its low free float.

Institutions/MF are interested to buy but unable to do so because of low free float.

85
šŸ“ŒTo kill 4 birds with one stone

One OFS move (at Rs 3500)

1) Fetched money to DBAG (sold 17.76%)

2) Fetched money to Patel Family (sold 2.29%) to buy 26% stake Pfaudler International

3) Public float gone up from 25% to 45.05%

4) Brought reputed MF/Institutions

86
šŸ“ŒGive me chance to prove my above theory in Tweet 86šŸ‘†
It's going to be boring just bear with me.

Tweet 81šŸ‘†GMM spent Rs 205 Cr($27.4 million) for 54% stake in Pfaudler.

Assuming Patel family got 26% stake on same valuation. šŸ“ŒAmount needed by Patel family = Rs 98.7Cr

87
Again refer to Tweet 86šŸ‘†

Patel family sold 2.29% in GMM Pfaudler.
Total shares in GMM = 14617500
2.29% of shares = 292350
Value of 2.29% shares sold = 292350 * Rs 3500 = 102.3 Cr

Just good enough to cover acquisition cost (98.7Cr) stake in Pfaudler international.

88
šŸ“ŒNow let me anticipate what's going to happen after 3 yrs

DBAG which still holds 32.68% in GMM may push for another monetization

šŸ“ŒPatel family hold 22.27% and intent to increase stake to 30% as MD said in Conf Call

GMM also wants to inc 54% stake in Pfaudler Grp to 100%

89
Pfaudler Grp all modernization money will start flowing into GMM P&L after few quarters. 3yrs later it's valuation will increase.

šŸ“ŒPatel family will sell it's 26% stake in Pfaudler Grp to GMM in some manner & use Some or All of money to increase it's stake in GMM to 30%.

90
DBAG may again go with OFS route or direct Promoter sell to Patel family(if agreed between 2).

šŸ“ŒIf it goes via another OFS route
Again price fall like today may happen

91
šŸ“ŒPatel family can use this opportunity to lap in shares from the market using money received via stake sale in Tweet 90šŸ‘†

šŸ“ŒSo eventually Patel family who before OFS (used to own 24.56%) will have 30% share in GMM Pfaudler.

92
Notable point is GMM Pfaudler is now a bigger entity with
100% of Pfaudler Grp (Global parent) as its subsidiary.

šŸ“ŒIndian promoters (Patel Family) have actually increased their stakes.

So all this happened because Foreign promoters (PE fund) wanted to exit (monetize).

93
šŸ“ŒIndian promoters are eventually increasing their stake in a much bigger GMM Pfaudler (which included it's Global parent)

šŸ“ŒRecognize right Villain in the story (DBAG monetizing). It's not Indian Promoters they are actually increasing their stake.

I rest my case here !

94
You can follow @Coolfundoo.
Tip: mention @twtextapp on a Twitter thread with the keyword ā€œunrollā€ to get a link to it.

Latest Threads Unrolled: