Thread by @bearaboi, Hello. So, the landbridge has appeared in the news a good deal [...]

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🌉" title="Brücke in der Nacht" aria-label="Emoji: Brücke in der Nacht">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚛" title="Sattelschlepper" aria-label="Emoji: Sattelschlepper">Hello. So, the landbridge has appeared in the news a good deal this week due to Brexit, which was kicked off by @SiCarswell& #39;s article last Monday on it.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🧵" title="Thread" aria-label="Emoji: Thread">I’d like to explore some of core issues around it with a thread 1/ https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/brexit-irish-hauliers-seek-state-help-to-bypass-uk-land-bridge-1.4359886">https://www.irishtimes.com/news/irel...

Brexit: Irish hauliers seek State help to bypass UK ‘land bridge’

Industry group says exporters ‘extremely vulnerable’ to dependence on route

https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/brexit-irish-hauliers-seek-state-help-to-bypass-uk-land-bridge-1.4359886

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🤨" title="Gesicht mit hochgezogener Augenbraue" aria-label="Emoji: Gesicht mit hochgezogener Augenbraue">What is the landbridge?

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚚" title="Lieferwagen" aria-label="Emoji: Lieferwagen">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚢" title="Schiff" aria-label="Emoji: Schiff">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🛣️" title="Autobahn" aria-label="Emoji: Autobahn">It involves businesses accessing Britain& #39;s port and road networks in order to move trade to and from the European continent, e.g.:

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇮🇪" title="Flagge von Irland" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Irland">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇬🇧" title="Flagge des Vereinigten Königreiches" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge des Vereinigten Königreiches">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇫🇷" title="Flagge von Frankreich" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Frankreich">

Dublin - Heysham/Holyhead/Liverpool - Dover - Calais
Rosslare - Fishguard/Pembroke - Dover - Calais

2/

Why do businesses do this?

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="⏲️" title="Tischuhr" aria-label="Emoji: Tischuhr">One simple issue: time. Its takes c. 20 hours to go from Dublin - Calais, a journey of c. 800km that takes you right to the core of EU& #39;s Single Market.

Combine this with frequent ferry sailings and a stable road network, its a winning formula.

3/

Why do businesses do this?https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable=

One simple issue: time. Its takes c. 20 hours to go from Dublin - Calais, a journey of c. 800km that takes you right to the core of EU& #39;s Single Market.Combine this with frequent ferry sailings and a stable road network, its a winning formula. 3/" title="Why do businesses do this?https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="⏲️" title="Tischuhr" aria-label="Emoji: Tischuhr">One simple issue: time. Its takes c. 20 hours to go from Dublin - Calais, a journey of c. 800km that takes you right to the core of EU& #39;s Single Market.Combine this with frequent ferry sailings and a stable road network, its a winning formula. 3/">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="📦" title="Paket" aria-label="Emoji: Paket">And that frequency of sailings is important, offering stable choice to businesses.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇮🇪" title="Flagge von Irland" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Irland">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿" title="Flagge von Wales" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Wales">Both Irish Ferries and Stena Line offer eight return sailings a day to Holyday that takes just over 3hrs.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚢" title="Schiff" aria-label="Emoji: Schiff">Its the reason why Holyhead is second to Dover in terms of UK port traffic.

4/

And that frequency of sailings is important, offering stable choice to businesses.https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇮🇪" title="Flagge von Irland" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Irland">https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿" title="Flagge von Wales" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Wales">Both Irish Ferries and Stena Line offer eight return sailings a day to Holyday that takes just over 3hrs.https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚢" title="Schiff" aria-label="Emoji: Schiff">Its the reason why Holyhead is second to Dover in terms of UK port traffic.4/" title="https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="📦" title="Paket" aria-label="Emoji: Paket">And that frequency of sailings is important, offering stable choice to businesses.https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇮🇪" title="Flagge von Irland" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Irland">https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿" title="Flagge von Wales" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Wales">Both Irish Ferries and Stena Line offer eight return sailings a day to Holyday that takes just over 3hrs.https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚢" title="Schiff" aria-label="Emoji: Schiff">Its the reason why Holyhead is second to Dover in terms of UK port traffic.4/" class="img-responsive" style="max-width:100%;"/>

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="⛴️" title="Fähre" aria-label="Emoji: Fähre">But what about Rosslare-Europort?

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🕰️" title="Kamin-Uhr" aria-label="Emoji: Kamin-Uhr">Yes, it is the only other Irish port involved in the landbridge, but its sailing times are not as frequent and it takes slightly longer to get to Fishguard and Pembroke.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="⬆️" title="Pfeil nach oben" aria-label="Emoji: Pfeil nach oben">Remember, the frequency of sailings is often driven by demand.

5/

But what about Rosslare-Europort?https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🕰️" title="Kamin-Uhr" aria-label="Emoji: Kamin-Uhr">Yes, it is the only other Irish port involved in the landbridge, but its sailing times are not as frequent and it takes slightly longer to get to Fishguard and Pembroke.https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="⬆️" title="Pfeil nach oben" aria-label="Emoji: Pfeil nach oben">Remember, the frequency of sailings is often driven by demand.5/" title="https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="⛴️" title="Fähre" aria-label="Emoji: Fähre">But what about Rosslare-Europort?https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🕰️" title="Kamin-Uhr" aria-label="Emoji: Kamin-Uhr">Yes, it is the only other Irish port involved in the landbridge, but its sailing times are not as frequent and it takes slightly longer to get to Fishguard and Pembroke.https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="⬆️" title="Pfeil nach oben" aria-label="Emoji: Pfeil nach oben">Remember, the frequency of sailings is often driven by demand.5/">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="📰" title="Zeitung" aria-label="Emoji: Zeitung">It is great to see that @IrishRail are putting serious coin into Rosslare-Europort, as @ColinGleesonIT reports here from July.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇮🇪" title="Flagge von Irland" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Irland">Its long overdue and will only serve the south-east and businesses and people beyond.

6/ https://www.irishtimes.com/business/transport-and-tourism/rosslare-europort-in-line-for-30m-upgrade-from-irish-rail-1.4295390">https://www.irishtimes.com/business/...

Rosslare Europort in line for €30m upgrade from Irish Rail

Development will seek to facilitate ‘major growth’ and get the facility Brexit-ready

https://www.irishtimes.com/business/transport-and-tourism/rosslare-europort-in-line-for-30m-upgrade-from-irish-rail-1.4295390

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="👩‍💻" title="Woman technologist" aria-label="Emoji: Woman technologist">Data from the @IMDOIreland (2018) shows that demand is with Dublin, as the Central corridor dominates freight movements.

Central = Dublin -

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿" title="Flagge von England" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von England">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿" title="Flagge von Wales" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Wales">
Continental = Ireland -

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇪🇺" title="Flagge der Europäischen Union" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge der Europäischen Union">
Northern = Belfast, Larne, Warrenpoint -

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿" title="Flagge von England" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von England">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿" title="Flagge von Schottland" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Schottland">
Southern = Rosslare -

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿" title="Flagge von Wales" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Wales">

7/
https://www.imdo.ie/Home/sites/default/files/IMDOFiles/A116819-IMDO-IMTE-Transport-Economist-Vol-16-web.pdf">https://www.imdo.ie/Home/site...

So what is the winning landbridge formula?

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚢" title="Schiff" aria-label="Emoji: Schiff">Frequent sailings

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🛣️" title="Autobahn" aria-label="Emoji: Autobahn">Reliable road network

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="⏱️" title="Stoppuhr" aria-label="Emoji: Stoppuhr">Quickest route to market

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇪🇺" title="Flagge der Europäischen Union" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge der Europäischen Union">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇮🇪" title="Flagge von Irland" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Irland">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇬🇧" title="Flagge des Vereinigten Königreiches" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge des Vereinigten Königreiches">Common EU membership

All four facilitated an ease in which businesses could move up to 40% of Irish trade, which translates into about 150,000 lorries.

8/

So what is the winning landbridge formula?https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable=

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇬🇧" title="Flagge des Vereinigten Königreiches" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge des Vereinigten Königreiches">And then along comes Brexit.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🔧" title="Schraubenschlüssel" aria-label="Emoji: Schraubenschlüssel">It throws an almighty spanner into what was a stable trade route in and out of Ireland.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="📰" title="Zeitung" aria-label="Emoji: Zeitung">And headlines like these from @pmdfoster, ain& #39;t putting anyone at ease in Ireland who uses the landbridge.

9/ https://www.ft.com/content/aa42ac31-0aca-4c58-b6a8-b98618fba2d4">https://www.ft.com/content/a...

UK warns of 7,000-truck queues to cross Channel after January 1

Cabinet minister Michael Gove says there could be 2-day delays in Kent for freight to clear customs after end of Brexit transition

https://www.ft.com/content/aa42ac31-0aca-4c58-b6a8-b98618fba2d4

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚢" title="Schiff" aria-label="Emoji: Schiff">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="💪" title="Angespannter Bizeps" aria-label="Emoji: Angespannter Bizeps">But what of direct services to EU? What of those & #39;Brexit-busting& #39; ships (cc: @conor_pope)?

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇪🇺" title="Flagge der Europäischen Union" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge der Europäischen Union">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇬🇧" title="Flagge des Vereinigten Königreiches" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge des Vereinigten Königreiches">Yes, they are there and those routes will be important no matter what shape Brexit arrives in.

But just look back at the table in 7/ of this thread.

10/ https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/brexit-busting-ferry-launched-from-dublin-port-1.3468760?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fireland%2Firish-news%2Fbrexit-busting-ferry-launched-from-dublin-port-1.3468760">https://www.irishtimes.com/news/irel...

‘Brexit-busting’ ferry launched from Dublin Port

Hundreds attend christening of world’s largest short sea roll-on roll-off vessel

https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/brexit-busting-ferry-launched-from-dublin-port-1.3468760?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fireland%2Firish-news%2Fbrexit-busting-ferry-launched-from-dublin-port-1.3468760

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="⬇️" title="Pfeil nach unten" aria-label="Emoji: Pfeil nach unten">The uptake in businesses utilising those direct routes to the EU is much lower compared to other corridors.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="❓" title="Rotes Fragezeichen-Symbol" aria-label="Emoji: Rotes Fragezeichen-Symbol">And why?

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="⌚️" title="Armbanduhr" aria-label="Emoji: Armbanduhr">Again it comes down to time.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇮🇪" title="Flagge von Irland" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Irland">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇧🇪" title="Flagge von Belgien" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Belgien">Its takes c. 40hrs for that & #39;Brexit-busting& #39; ship MV Celine to go Dublin - Zeebrugge vs. c. 20hrs on landbridge.

11/

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="📑" title="Lesezeichen" aria-label="Emoji: Lesezeichen">I& #39;ve compiled a list of (what I hope) is all the EU direct routes.

While you can get to Cherbourg in roughly same landbrdge time, the frequency of services is lower due to the time it takes to do a return sailing.

Also, that Brittany Ferries service starts in March 2021.

12/

I& #39;ve compiled a list of (what I hope) is all the EU direct routes.While you can get to Cherbourg in roughly same landbrdge time, the frequency of services is lower due to the time it takes to do a return sailing.Also, that Brittany Ferries service starts in March 2021.12/" title="https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="📑" title="Lesezeichen" aria-label="Emoji: Lesezeichen">I& #39;ve compiled a list of (what I hope) is all the EU direct routes.While you can get to Cherbourg in roughly same landbrdge time, the frequency of services is lower due to the time it takes to do a return sailing.Also, that Brittany Ferries service starts in March 2021.12/">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="💶" title="Banknote mit Euro-Zeichen" aria-label="Emoji: Banknote mit Euro-Zeichen">So, we& #39;ve come to rely on it heavily, but what does potential disruption from Brexit mean?

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🤔" title="Denkendes Gesicht" aria-label="Emoji: Denkendes Gesicht">As @tconnellyRTE highlights here, Brexit brings a dilemma with the landbridge.

13/ https://www.rte.ie/news/analysis-and-comment/2020/0703/1151272-brexit-land-bridge/">https://www.rte.ie/news/anal...

Brexit: The return of the UK land bridge dilemma

Irish officials are bracing themselves for difficulties over the UK land bridge. Britain may be in no mood to offer Irish trucks priority boarding at Dover just because they are moving EU produce...

https://www.rte.ie/news/analysis-and-comment/2020/0703/1151272-brexit-land-bridge/

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🕰️" title="Kamin-Uhr" aria-label="Emoji: Kamin-Uhr">Losing time is the big concern here: "if you lose a day, you lose a market" as they say.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="📰" title="Zeitung" aria-label="Emoji: Zeitung">How long will Irish lorries be stuck in Holyhead or Dover?

And time is vital here, as @SiCarswell highlights here having traveled the entire thing in 2018.

14/ https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/putting-brexit-to-the-test-on-the-road-with-a-trucker-from-dublin-to-germany-1.3700114?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fputting-brexit-to-the-test-on-the-road-with-a-trucker-from-dublin-to-germany-1.3700114">https://www.irishtimes.com/news/worl...

Putting Brexit to the test: On the road with a trucker from Dublin to Germany

Simon Carswell takes a six-country delivery trip with a trucker to assess the road ahead

https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/putting-brexit-to-the-test-on-the-road-with-a-trucker-from-dublin-to-germany-1.3700114?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fputting-brexit-to-the-test-on-the-road-with-a-trucker-from-dublin-to-germany-1.3700114

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="📰" title="Zeitung" aria-label="Emoji: Zeitung">There is also news from @tconnellyRTE earlier this month, that British authorities are very aware that Ireland relies on the landbridge economically, and they are not afraid to highlight this.

15/ https://www.rte.ie/news/brexit/2020/0907/1163607-brexit-landbridge-protocol-transition/">https://www.rte.ie/news/brex...

UK seeks Ireland's help over post-Brexit NI Protocol

RTÉ News has learned that Britain has been asking Ireland to intercede with the European Commission to be more flexible on the implementation of the Northern Ireland Protocol, and in return has...

https://www.rte.ie/news/brexit/2020/0907/1163607-brexit-landbridge-protocol-transition/

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚢" title="Schiff" aria-label="Emoji: Schiff">In response to all of these Brexit uncertainties, some have called for more routes to France, as it is our closest EU neighbour, and more capacity on routes.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇫🇷" title="Flagge von Frankreich" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Frankreich">To the first point, those plans are already afoot, such as the signing of a MoU in 2018.

16/ https://www.irishtimes.com/business/transport-and-tourism/france-preparing-additional-sea-ports-for-irish-freight-traffic-after-brexit-1.3708174?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Ftransport-and-tourism%2Ffrance-preparing-additional-sea-ports-for-irish-freight-traffic-after-brexit-1.3708174">https://www.irishtimes.com/business/...

France preparing additional sea ports for Irish freight traffic after Brexit

French transport minister says plans in place to segregate Irish freight traffic from UK freight arriving after Brexit

https://www.irishtimes.com/business/transport-and-tourism/france-preparing-additional-sea-ports-for-irish-freight-traffic-after-brexit-1.3708174?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Ftransport-and-tourism%2Ffrance-preparing-additional-sea-ports-for-irish-freight-traffic-after-brexit-1.3708174

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="⛴️" title="Fähre" aria-label="Emoji: Fähre">On capacity, ferry operators have stated that it does exist. Some have expanded already such as CLdN, as per RTÉ, and some of these ships can carry allot of lorries:

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚛" title="Sattelschlepper" aria-label="Emoji: Sattelschlepper">MV Celine: 530

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚚" title="Lieferwagen" aria-label="Emoji: Lieferwagen">MV Delphine: 530

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🛻" title="Pickup truck" aria-label="Emoji: Pickup truck">MV Laureline: 360

17/ https://www.rte.ie/news/brexit/2019/0329/1039355-brexit-dublin-port-shipping/">https://www.rte.ie/news/brex... https://twitter.com/ThomasByrneTD/status/1309091469316235264">https://twitter.com/ThomasByr...

This all of course does not mean its easy sailing.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🤔" title="Denkendes Gesicht" aria-label="Emoji: Denkendes Gesicht">We don& #39;t know Brexit& #39;s final look.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🤨" title="Gesicht mit hochgezogener Augenbraue" aria-label="Emoji: Gesicht mit hochgezogener Augenbraue">We don& #39;t know the extent of any disruptions.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="😬" title="Grimasse schneidendes Gesicht" aria-label="Emoji: Grimasse schneidendes Gesicht">And some sectors (like agri-food) just have to use the landbridge due to time sensitivities.

18/

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🌉" title="Brücke in der Nacht" aria-label="Emoji: Brücke in der Nacht">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚚" title="Lieferwagen" aria-label="Emoji: Lieferwagen">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚢" title="Schiff" aria-label="Emoji: Schiff">As we wait for the some clarity to come with the landbridge, I can recommend reading the @IMDOIreland report from 2018 on this topic, which is the source of the figures from tweet 8/.

19/ https://www.imdo.ie/Home/sites/default/files/IMDOFiles/A143219%20IMDO%20Landbridge%20Report-digital-draft1.pdf">https://www.imdo.ie/Home/site...

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚚" title="Lieferwagen" aria-label="Emoji: Lieferwagen">https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚢" title="Schiff" aria-label="Emoji: Schiff">As we wait for the some clarity to come with the landbridge, I can recommend reading the @IMDOIreland report from 2018 on this topic, which is the source of the figures from tweet 8/.19/ https://www.imdo.ie/Home/site..." title="https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🌉" title="Brücke in der Nacht" aria-label="Emoji: Brücke in der Nacht">https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚚" title="Lieferwagen" aria-label="Emoji: Lieferwagen">https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚢" title="Schiff" aria-label="Emoji: Schiff">As we wait for the some clarity to come with the landbridge, I can recommend reading the @IMDOIreland report from 2018 on this topic, which is the source of the figures from tweet 8/.19/ https://www.imdo.ie/Home/site..." class="img-responsive" style="max-width:100%;"/>

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🚢" title="Schiff" aria-label="Emoji: Schiff">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="⚓️" title="Anker" aria-label="Emoji: Anker">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🛳️" title="Passagier-Schiff" aria-label="Emoji: Passagier-Schiff">As an island, we rely so much on the seas around us for our people and our goods to go to the places they need to get to.

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇮🇪" title="Flagge von Irland" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge von Irland">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇪🇺" title="Flagge der Europäischen Union" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge der Europäischen Union">

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🇬🇧" title="Flagge des Vereinigten Königreiches" aria-label="Emoji: Flagge des Vereinigten Königreiches">This is something to bear in mind, as we turn our focuses once more again to how decisions on Brexit in London will impact Ireland.

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