In India, communities whose lives are irreversibly impacted by mining projects are often left with no solution. Is joint community ownership the way forward for mineral resource governance in India? https://india.mongabay.com/2020/09/is-community-ownership-the-way-forward-for-mineral-governance-in-india/

Community ownership/communities as stockholders in mining projects & intergenerational equity are among solutions that experts from India noted during global consultations by @UNEP which is assessing best solutions for sustainable management of minerals
https://www.greengrowthknowledge.org/initiatives/unea-4-mineral-resource-governance-resolution#:~:text=Among%20other%20things%2C%20the%20resolution,management%20of%20metal%20and%20mineral

But that may not always be successful. Chhattisgarh-based tribal leader Indu Netam states that they formed a cooperative over 15 years ago to get mining rights but have not been able to get them so far.

On recent mining reforms, Netam said tribal communities are not considered in decision-making process. She noted that govt is bringing mining reforms through consultation on website & in English but people & communities who will be impacted have no say in this process.

And @amarendra_das noted that right now minerals are given to anyone willing to pay the highest price but most of the mining owners are from outside & mining profit goes outside locality while the local communities bear the environmental costs.

"There should be joint stockholding in company where local people should have a 50% share in company so that whatever profit accrues to company goes to local community," said @amarendra_das .

While @goafoundation in its submission to @UNEP called for implementing intergenerational equity consistently for minerals across the planet stating that it is in line with the sustainable development goals and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Bhanumathi Kalluri of @DhaatriC notes that in the poor and tribal communities that are impacted by mining, women bear the major brunt and there are safeguards for women impacted by mining activities.

"Once the mines are closed or abandoned, workers & local communities are left with no source of livelihood. In many of coal mines affected areas, women & young girls become susceptible to sexual abuse & trafficking,” said Bhanumathi Kalluri of @DhaatriC

On proposed mining reforms, Kalluri along with other organisations working for mining-affected communities have urged central govt to abandon environmentally risk inducing privatisation of mining exploration & expansion, coal auctions & dilution of constitutional safeguards.