#BharataRatnaMokshagundamVisvesvaraya.

His Legacy Is Known To Many, So, With A Brief Introduction, I Will Take You To His 1920 Biography #ReconstructingIndia.
ONE CHAPTER PER DAY or may be 3 CHAPTERS IN A WEEK.

Brief Introduction About The Legendary Centenarian.
Sir M V has left a legacy in such a way that, almost every Bharatiya today is enjoying something which he initiated.
If You Start Counting The Contributions Of 1 Single Person For A Country, Then Sir MV Will Be #DhruvaNakshatra.

From Establishing Banks To Building Dams To
Initiating Huge Industries Like HAL, NAL, MSIL, VSIL, HMT, ITI.
From Shivanasamudra to Linganamakki.
From Sanskrit Parishat to Kannada Parishat to Engineering Colleges to Polytechnic’s.
Credit for the Initiative For Higher Education Institutes Like IITs belongs to this Great Man
#ReConstructingIndia Written By The Earliest Recipient of Bharata Ratna.

His Eagerness To See Independent Bharat Is Hidden In The Lines Of The Preface.
In view of the extensive changes which are now being made under the new Government of India Act, it is necessary to study
Indian political, economic and social problems in a new light. It is the spirit and intention of the Act to prepare the country for full responsible government, and it should certainly be the endeavour of the people to remove at once every stumbling block from their path and to
take the most complete advantage of this new opportunity.
The Indian mind needs to be familiarized with the principles of modern progress, a universal impulse for inquiry and enterprise awakened, and earnest thinking and effort promoted. By these and other means a new type of
Indian citizenship— progressive, and self-respecting— should be created, and a self-reliant nationhood developed.
This book seeks to indicate, however imperfectly, the avenues towards reconstruction now open. It attempts, in a constructive spirit, to outline a scheme of true
national life, and for the high task of achievement invites co-operation from all parties. The author may claim some measure of administrative experience, as he has spent many years in the service of the British Government in India and in leading Indian States. He has, on
several occasions, travelled outside India for the purpose of obtaining first-hand knowledge of world conditions and problems. The book has had to be written whilst away from home and under other difficulties. The author is indebted to several friends and assistants for material
help in its preparation.

M. VlSVESVARAYA. London, 10th October, 1920.

The 1st Chapter is Indian Problem where he writes aftermath of WorldWar1 & how Europe got destroyed & compares with Bharat.
India, happily, has had no devastated cities to reconstruct, no ruined homesteads
to restore, and no sunken ships to replace. Her problem of demobilization has been comparatively small. She has, however, incurred for the first time a heavy unproductive debt, and has had to face the problem of high prices and food scarcity. Reconstruction on an extensive scale
is more urgently needed in India than in other countries, because political, social and economic developments have been insufficiently considered for many years past, and because, in consequence of such neglect, the standard of living has reached a level far below the minimum
recognized in civilized communities as necessary for decent existence.

He compares with Japan & mentions how they achieved Self Reliance because of Independence & writes…
As a dependency, India has had no reconstruction programme. She is, therefore, called upon now to
begin much of the work which Japan has already successfully accomplished. She has to rebuild a structure dilapidated by the neglect of ordinary repairs. One of the greatest deficiencies which India has to make up is her lack of facilities for securing education. To-day, three
villages out of every four are without a school-house, and about 30,000,000 children of school-going age are growing up without any instruction. The officials have been so opposed to compulsory education that, until quite recently, they were disinclined even to permit
municipalities willing to bear the cost to introduce such a system. No wonder that barely seven per cent, of the Indian population can read and write, whereas in progressive countries eighty to ninety per cent, of the population is literate. The universities are utterly
inadequate in number for so large and populous a country, and fall far short of modern requirements in equipment. The provision for technical and commercial education is meagre in the extreme. Lack of liberality in this respect, and absence of official encouragement of
indigenous enterprises, have kept Indians from developing new & expanding old industries & extending commerce. At the same time, the world competition has made it impossible for the indigenous industries to thrive. Indians have, therefore, been driven more & more to the land.
Also, Sir M V highlights the plights of Farmers too..
He writes…
Nearly three-fourths of the population is solely dependent upon agriculture, which, owing to poverty and lack of education, is still conducted with crude, old-fashioned methods and implements, and without any
scientific attempt to renew the fertility of the exhausted soil. The yield per acre is small, and the farmer is able barely to eke out a miserable existence. In spite of these chronic conditions, no provision has been made to enable the rural population to find profitable work
by developing agricultural or cottage industries.
The development of the natural resources of the country has been restricted because Indian directing energy has not been given free scope, and British direction available in India has been limited. Had Indians received support
and encouragement from Government, they, with their old skill at handicrafts, might have produced manufactured goods at a rate that would have made them formidable competitors in the modern industrial world. Substantial success in trade and commerce is impossible to-day without
large capital and combines. In the United Kingdom, such combinations are encouraged and assisted by Government. In India, on the contrary, they are regarded as a menace to British trade and, therefore, to British supremacy, and discouraged.

He compares Cotton industry of Canada
America & their taxes for EXIM and says…
In India, on the other hand, not only are cotton goods imported practically free, but the government actually imposes an excise duty on the products of the local mills to enable the British manufactures to compete successfully with them.
Nowhere else in the world would such an obvious attempt to handicap industry be tolerated.
The cumulative effect of these policies upon the economic condition of the people has been most deplorable. An unskilled labourer in the United States or Canada earns more in a week than
the Indian worker earns in a whole year.

And yet the 325,000,000 of Indians have not only to feed and clothe themselves, but also to support one of the costliest administrations in the world.
The low output of production in India is mainly due to the fact that men and women
are engaged in a lower order of occupations there than in other lands. The higher occupations are under nonIndian control. While careers are open to Britons at home and abroad, wherever they may choose to carry on their life work, Indians find the doors of opportunity closed to
them in their motherland, and are not welcomed even as labourers in civilized countries.
He squarely puts the blame on British by saying…
The present system of governance aims at preserving order rather than ensuring progress. Peace and security are maintained, moreover, by
autocratic methods, and the activities of the people are restricted and their national growth stunted in the process.
Again and again, during recent years, antiquated regulations have been employed to deprive Indians of liberty without charge or trial, and, not satisfied with
these drastic powers, the administration, during the last decade, has armed itself with legislation enabling it to interfere with freedom of press, speech and movement in a manner unknown in any civilized country.
He blame Indians too.. & know what Communist Type Bhikharis
existed even then & Sir M V has a word for them #SOCIALPARASITES
The people themselves are, as a rule, passive and unaggressive. They are guided rather by the opinion of the caste or community than by a common national standard of life, thought and work, by centuries-old
traditions and superstitions rather than by the collective experience of the modern world. Foreign travel is interdicted. Through leaning on others, large numbers of people have become reduced to social parasites. The existence in India of millions of persons of the depressed
classes, whose very touch is considered pollution by the caste people, is to be condemned on humanitarian as well as economic grounds.
Sir M V also emphasis on Women Empowerment..
He writes…
The backwardness of women's education, and the restriction of their employment to
domestic duties and, among the agricultural classes, to casual field work, without their being given any recognized status or reward, is also holding back the country.
Sir M V later writes about High Population & remarks that…
The social customs of India promote a fairly rapid
growth of population. Early marriage is the rule, and children are born into a world in which no provision has been made for their maintenance.
India has still to learn that it is better to have a small, well-trained, prosperous population, than to have millions of
half-starved, inefficient people retarding the progress of the country by their dead-weight.
Listing these problems, Sir M V offers his solutions too & please read how beautifully he writes…
Hope is to be derived, however, from the fact that India possesses potential energy of
unparalleled magnitude. Her greatest asset is the inherent intelligence of the people. Though relatively to the total population the percentage of illiteracy is appallingly large, yet the aggregate volume of literacy compares very favourably with that to be found in European
countries, not excepting the United Kingdom itself. As many, or more, children are attending educational institutions in India as in the United Kingdom. There are more undergraduates in the eight Indian universities than there are in all the universities of the United Kingdom.
(Even Today, It’s The Same)

Sir M V adds…
Under favourable conditions, with steadfast perseverance in a settled national policy, and by the introduction of science, modern machinery, and up-to-date business methods, the production of the country from agriculture and
manufactures could easily be doubled within the next ten and trebled in fifteen years. Foreign trade could likewise be doubled in a similar period. In less than fifteen years the high percentage of illiteracy could be reduced to a fraction of what it is at present.
Sir M V asks
British to FOLLOW Constitutional Reforms & not let it be just another Paper..
It must be remembered that the people's standards are higher to-day than they have ever been in the history of IndoBritish relations. In order to create conditions favourable to progress, there must
be a radical change in the system of Imperial control over Indian affairs, and in the official attitude towards the people's aspirations and Indian problems generally.
It will be necessary to study world conditions as well as local conditions in order to discover the weak points
in the Indian system. The deficiencies must, then, be catalogued and plans formulated. This Book Is An Attempt, Though A Very Imperfect One, In This Direction.
Next, a favourable atmosphere must be created It is hoped that the constitutional reforms will help to do this.
Please Read How Mokshagundam Wants His Motherland To Be… What A MAN !!!!!!!!!

He Says…
The masses must be made to understand India's position relative to modern conditions. They must be shown how the work that lies before the country is to be performed. Differences between
the various communities or races, and between castes and creeds permanently residing in the country, must be sympathetically adjusted, and where possible, eliminated.
The people must be taught to associate in their daily work for a common object and with common aspirations.
They Must Realize That Anything They May Do To Help Each Other Will Be A Service To The Motherland.

If, as suggested in this book, the utilization of India's man power and material resources is placed in the forefront of national aims, if the people's general and technical
knowledge is developed, if private initiative is stimulated, if all the latest inventions and discoveries are applied to increase production, if foreign experience is adapted to Indian conditions and fully utilized and useful foreign institutions readily adopted, if in short,
all the improvements necessary and possible are introduced, the development of India, politically, economically and socially, will proceed at a pace which may be one of the outstanding features of the coming generation.
If the British cordially help the Indians to build up
their industry and trade, the resulting effect on India's prosperity will be immense, while the volume of benefit, even to Great Britain, will be far greater than it is at present.

Dear Readers, Replace The Word British With Indian Government, Had They Implemented His Words
Ever Since We Got Provincial Government In 1930s, Bharat Would’ve Developed Into A Super Power By Now.

#VandeMataram.
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