Thread by @vetmnemonics, ANATOMY Joints [FCS-SAD]1) Fibrous AKA Synarthrosis2) Cartilaginous AKA Amphiarthrosis3) Synovial AKA [...]

ANATOMY

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🦴" title="Bone" aria-label="Emoji: Bone">

Joints [FCS-SAD]
1) Fibrous AKA Synarthrosis
2) Cartilaginous AKA Amphiarthrosis
3) Synovial AKA Diarthrosis

Hinge/Ginglymus joint: atlanto-occipital joint = YES joint

Trochoid/Pivot joint: atlano-axial joint = NO joint

Ligament: BONE to BONE attachment [LB]
Tendon: MUSCLE to BONE attachment

Bones of the THORACIC LIMB:
1) Thoracic girdle
- scapula & clavicle
2) Arm/Brachium
- humerus
3) Forearm/antebrachium
- radius & ulna
4) Forepaw/manus
- carpal bones, metacarpal bones, phalanges

SCAPULA

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> In dogs: ACROMION

Note: If the NECK is broken, the muscle that will be affected mostly will be the

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Supraspinatus

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Infraspinatus

Glenoid cavity + Head of humerus = SHOULDER JOINT (ball and socket joint)

CLAVICLE

In

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🐶" title="Hundegesicht" aria-label="Emoji: Hundegesicht">: vestigial
In

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🐦" title="Vogel" aria-label="Emoji: Vogel"> &

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="👨" title="Mann" aria-label="Emoji: Mann">: long

Origin for:

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Cleidobrachialis

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Cleidocephalicus

HUMERUS

LATERAL SIDE:

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Greater tubercle

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Teres minor tuberosity: insertion for TERES MINOR

MEDIAL SIDE:

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Lesser tubercle

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Teres major tuberosity: insertion for TERES MAJOR

Groove bet. greater & lesser tubercle: INTERTUBERCULAR/BICIPITAL GROOVE

Tendon of BICEPS BRACHII passes in this groove (INTERTUBERCULAR/BICIPITAL groove) and being held by a ligament called TRANSVERSE HUMERAL RETINACULUM

HUMERUS also has SUPRATROCHLEAR FORAMEN unique only to

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🐶" title="Hundegesicht" aria-label="Emoji: Hundegesicht">

HUMERUS

LATERAL condyle: CAPITULUM
MEDIAL condyle: TROCHLEA

Remember:

RADIUS = MEDIAL
U(L)NA = (L)ATERAL

GROOVES OF THE RADIUS (distal end)

What TENDONS will pass through it?

LATERAL: Common Digital Extensor (CDE)
MEDIAL: Abductor Digiti 1 Longus (Extensor Carpi Obliquus)
MIDDLE: Extensor Carpi Radialis (ECR)

ULNA

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> OLECRANON: serves as a very important landmark for clinical applications
- heart rate
- ultrasonography

KNOW THE NUMBERS!

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🔢" title="Eingabesymbol für Ziffern" aria-label="Emoji: Eingabesymbol für Ziffern">

In

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🐶" title="Hundegesicht" aria-label="Emoji: Hundegesicht"> there are:

7 carpal bones
5 metacarpal bones
3 phalanges for digits 2 to 5
2 phalanges for digit 1

7 CARPAL BONES are arranged in 2 ROWS

PROXIMAL (medial to lateral):

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Intermedioradial

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Ulnar

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Accessory

DISTAL (medial to lateral)

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> 1st

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> 2nd

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> 3rd

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> 4th

7 CARPAL BONES are arranged in 2 ROWSPROXIMAL (medial to lateral):https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable=

PHALANGES

Digits 2, 3, 4, 5: three (3) phalanges each composed of

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Proximal

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Middle

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Distal

Digit 1: two (2) phalanges composed of:

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Proximal

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Distal

INSERTIONS?

(A) PALMAR SURFACE

MIDDLE phalanges 2, 3, 4, 5: Superficial Digital Flexor (SDF)

DISTAL phalanges 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (flexor tubercle): Deep Digital Flexor (DDF)

(B) DORSAL SURFACE

DISTAL phalanges 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (extensor process): Common Digital Extensor (CDE)

To remember:

PALMAR: flexors

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> (D)istal = (D)DF

DORSAL: extensor

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Common digital EXTENSOR

VISUALIZATION:

BRACHIOCEPHALICUS

(A) Cleidobrachialis
(B) Cleidocephalicus

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Cleidomastoideus

https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="✅" title="Fettes weißes Häkchen" aria-label="Emoji: Fettes weißes Häkchen"> Cleidocervicalis

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