Apparently there are still people, with opinions and online, who still think that "systemic racism," or "institutional racism" means people within those systems and institutions are racist.

The definitions have been available for decades. There should be no confusion.

If a police officer murders a Black man in cold blood, that is individual racism.

If the system of policing & courts ensure that officer is not only unlikely to face consequences, but emboldens other officers to over-police and brutalize Black communities, *that* is systemic.

One officer harassing a Black youth on his way to a basketball game, groping his genitals so hard he heard a "pop" is individual racism.

The stop-and-frisk policy that enabled her to do this is systemic. https://www.colorlines.com/articles/phila-teen-claims-stop-and-frisk-led-injured-genitals

The administrators who called CPS on Baby H's Indigenous parents within an hour of delivery (under the pretense of "neglect") is individual racism

The byzantine court process attempting to force their parents into this living arrangement?

Systemic. https://www.aptnnews.ca/national-news/baby-h-taken-again-as-living-arrangement-collapses/

You do not have to be a proven racist in order for your participation in a system or institution to be systemically or institutionally racist.

The racism is in the policy-engineered outcome, not the intent of its partcipants.

That's the whole purpose in naming them that way.

Above excerpted portions from "Black Power: The Politics of Liberation in America," by Kwame Ture and Charles V. Hamilton (1967)