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Pls read #SARSCoV2 immunology
https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="🧵" title="Thread" aria-label="Emoji: Thread">& subthreads for what media & “experts” are not telling you
Facts
-we have some pre-existing cross-protective immunity
-basing herd immunity only on antibodies omits strong Tcell immunity
-vaccine candidates not effective b/c don’t elicit IgA prodn https://twitter.com/dockaurG/status/1275774070815105024">https://twitter.com/dockaurG/...
Facts
-we have some pre-existing cross-protective immunity
-basing herd immunity only on antibodies omits strong Tcell immunity
-vaccine candidates not effective b/c don’t elicit IgA prodn https://twitter.com/dockaurG/status/1275774070815105024">https://twitter.com/dockaurG/...
2/ Last week, researchers in Sweden and Germany also found strong T-cell responses to #SARSCoV2 which bode well for long-term immunity & found pre-existing cross-protective immunity: findings are consistent with the original US Cell study published in May. https://twitter.com/dockaurg/status/1261379543249629184">https://twitter.com/dockaurg/...
3/ We now have three independent #SARSCoV2 studies, from teams of scientists in three different countries, all concluding the same thing:
“ #COVID19 Herd Immunity Is Much Closer Than Antibody Tests Suggest” https://reason.com/2020/07/01/covid-19-herd-immunity-is-much-closer-than-antibody-tests-suggest-say-2-new-studies/">https://reason.com/2020/07/0...
“ #COVID19 Herd Immunity Is Much Closer Than Antibody Tests Suggest” https://reason.com/2020/07/01/covid-19-herd-immunity-is-much-closer-than-antibody-tests-suggest-say-2-new-studies/">https://reason.com/2020/07/0...
4/Swedish study found “ #SARSCoV2-specific memory Tcells will likely prove critical for longterm immune protection against #COVID19. SARSCoV2-specific Tcells detectable in antibody-seronegative family members & ppl w/history of asymptomatic or mild COVID19” https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.06.29.174888v1">https://www.biorxiv.org/content/1...
5/ Swedish study above concluded “ #SARSCoV2 elicits robust memory T-cell responses akin to those observed in context of successful vaccines, suggesting that natural exposure or infection may prevent recurrent episodes of severe #COVID19 also in antibody-seronegative individuals.”
6/ German study “detected #SARSCoV2 cross-reactive Tcells in 81% of unexposed individuals.” Study found “detection of specific Tcell responses even in donors w/out antibody responses, thereby providing evidence for Tcell immunity upon #COVID19 infection”
https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="▶️" title="Nach rechts zeigendes Dreieck" aria-label="Emoji: Nach rechts zeigendes Dreieck"> https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-35331/v1">https://www.researchsquare.com/article/r...
7/ All very positive news reaffirming significant Cell study findings. We’re closer to herd immunity than we think: we’re grossly underestimating pre-existing cross-protective immunity to #SARSCoV2 & we’re not measuring strong Tcell responses which bode well for longterm immunity
8/ @NatureMedicine study by Dutch scientists found Vitamin D imp for effective Tcell immune responses. We know Tcell immunity plays significant role in overcoming #SARSCoV2 infection. This could help explain why POC disproportionately affected by #COVID19. https://www.nature.com/articles/ni.1851?page=3">https://www.nature.com/articles/...
9/ VitD regulates expression of Phospholipase C isozyme PLC-γ1 in naive Tcells & key to Tcell responsiveness in humans. POC greater risk of VitD deficiency. Poor primary Tcell response can affect immune responses to viral infections, incl influenza & coronaviruses like #SARSCoV2.
10/ Oxford scientists reinforce imp of pre-existing T-cell immunity & that we’re closer to #SARSCoV2 herd immunity than we think.
Results “suggest sufficient herd-immunity may already be in place to substantially mitigate a potential #COVID19 second wave” https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.07.15.20154294v1">https://www.medrxiv.org/content/1...
Results “suggest sufficient herd-immunity may already be in place to substantially mitigate a potential #COVID19 second wave” https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.07.15.20154294v1">https://www.medrxiv.org/content/1...
11/ British scientists published yesterday in @SciImmunology
“It is clear from these datasets that some ppl who lack an antibody response to #SARSCoV2 show strong specific Tcell immunity. This pattern is predicted by the experience with SARSCoV1 & MERS”
https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="▶️" title="Nach rechts zeigendes Dreieck" aria-label="Emoji: Nach rechts zeigendes Dreieck"> https://immunology.sciencemag.org/content/immunology/5/49/eabd6160.full.pdf">https://immunology.sciencemag.org/content/i...
“It is clear from these datasets that some ppl who lack an antibody response to #SARSCoV2 show strong specific Tcell immunity. This pattern is predicted by the experience with SARSCoV1 & MERS”
12/From British scientists in above @SciImmunology: interactions btwn #SARSCoV2 infected cells, antigen-presenting cells, CD4 & CD8 Tcells
SARSCoV2-reactive CD4 Tcells are Th1-like: secrete IFNγ, TNFα, IL2. CD8 Tcells secrete similar cytokines but also lyse infected target cells
SARSCoV2-reactive CD4 Tcells are Th1-like: secrete IFNγ, TNFα, IL2. CD8 Tcells secrete similar cytokines but also lyse infected target cells
13/ Singapore scientists published significant research this week in @NatureMedicine showing
“ #SARS-recovered pts still possess long-lasting memory Tcells reactive to SARS 17 years after 2003 outbreak, which displayed robust cross-reactivity to #SARSCoV2” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2550-z">https://www.nature.com/articles/...
“ #SARS-recovered pts still possess long-lasting memory Tcells reactive to SARS 17 years after 2003 outbreak, which displayed robust cross-reactivity to #SARSCoV2” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2550-z">https://www.nature.com/articles/...
