Hospitals in Ancient India.

The state in India always realised its responsibility to its citizens and
functioned as a welfare state.

In India, hospitals have existed from ancient times. The state had arranged places where the patients were lodged and treated.

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Fa-hien, a Chinese traveller who visited India during the times of Chandragupta, provides us details about the charitable dispensaries in Pataliputra.

According to Fa-hien the nobles and householders of this country founded hospitals within the city..

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..to which the destitute of all countries, the poor, the crippled and the diseased may come.

Here, these people were treated freely and provided with every kind of help. After inspecting their diseases the physicians treated them with all their efforts

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There are some epigraphical records that show the existence of dispensaries in Deccan during the Pallava Period.

Epigraphical records of Chola period also tell us about the allowances given to the physicians, village dispensaries as well as the town hospitals.

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The records of Chola kings show that words like atulasalai or vaidyasalai were used for dispensary, while the words like atula or vaidya were used for medicines.

There were a large no. of dispensaries in the village, most of which were maintained by local physician.

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The temple inscriptions of one of the temples of the Chola period give a detailed account including description about a hospital, a medical school and a hostel for the students.

Veera Rajendra Deva of the Cholas issued a commandment in CE 1067 that is inscribed..
..on the walls of the inner sanctuary of the temple of Venkateshwar at Tirumakudal. There were 15 beds in the hospital for the treatment of
members of the temple, students and teachers of the school. The hospital was administered by Kodani Rameshwathan Bhattar (a physician).
who was paid about 90 kalam of paddy per year and there was also a surgeon in the hospital (Calliyakkirivai
Pannuvan) who was paid 30 kalam of paddy per year. Besides the physician and the surgeon, there were two persons who fetched medicinal herbs for preparation of medicines.
Each patient was provided with a nail of rice per day. The names of twenty different medicines that were kept in the store of the hospital were also mentioned in that inscription.

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Source: http://Indianscience.org  (by DP Agarwal and Pankaj Goyal)
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