Thread by @BillyBostickson, Meat is high in Glycosaminoglycans(central to coronavirus's ability to attach to host [...]

Meat is high in Glycosaminoglycans
(central to coronavirus's ability to attach to host cells)
Beef, pork poultry, seafood are rich in heparan sulfate (glycosaminoglycans), highly charged anchors for SARSCoV2
Meat surfaces critical factors for transmission
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.29.971093v1 https://twitter.com/BillyBostickson/status/1276246555012370432

1/5 Science behind that tweet just in case anyone thinks I speak without awareness ;)
Glycosaminoglycans from fresh water fish processing discard - Isolation, structural characterization, and osteogenic activity
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338173546_Glycosaminoglycans_from_fresh_water_fish_processing_discard_-_Isolation_structural_characterization_and_osteogenic_activity
SALMON MOUTHS

(PDF) Glycosaminoglycans from fresh water fish processing discard - Isolation, structural charact...

PDF | Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) play an important role in various biological activities. A lot of them are present in fish processing discards from... | Find, read and cite all the research you need...

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338173546_Glycosaminoglycans_from_fresh_water_fish_processing_discard_-_Isolation_structural_characterization_and_osteogenic_activity

2/5 Salmon Mouths 2
Characterization of Glycosaminoglycans in Gaping and Intact Connective Tissues of Farmed Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Fillets by Mass Spectrometry https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.9b01136

Characterization of Glycosaminoglycans in Gaping and Intact Connective Tissues of Farmed Atlantic...

In the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture industry, gaping (the separation of muscle bundles from the connective tissue) is a major quality problem. This study characterized chondroitin...

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.9b01136

3/5 Why does SARS-COV-2 like meat & seafood?
Glycosaminoglycan binding motif at S1/S2 proteolytic cleavage site on spike glycoprotein may facilitate novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) host cell entry
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.14.041459v1.full
Glycosaminoglycans and infection
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4975577/

Glycosaminoglycan binding motif at S1/S2 proteolytic cleavage site on spike glycoprotein may...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in a pandemic and continues to spread around the globe at an unprecedented rate. To date, no effective therapeutic is...

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.14.041459v1.full

4/5 Glycosaminoglycans
Role of in Infectious Disease
(same authors as above)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4624626/
Glycosaminoglycans in Infectious Disease
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23551941/
Murine Coronavirus with an Extended Host Range Uses Heparan Sulfate as an Entry Receptor
https://jvi.asm.org/content/79/22/14451

Role of Glycosaminoglycans in Infectious Disease

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been shown to bind to a wide variety of microbial pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi in vitro. GAGs are thought to promote pathogenesis by...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4624626/

5/5 Meatpacking plants & Heparan
Meatpacking plants & COVID-19 outbreaks
https://healthtranslationsa.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Meat-Packing-Clusters-COVID-19-Evidence-Update_12-May-2020.pdf
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans and Viral Attachment:
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/7/596/htm
Severity of COVID-19 linked to heparanase activity and heparan sulfate levels
https://www.news-medical.net/news/20200616/Severity-of-COVID-19-linked-to-heparanase-activity-and-heparan-sulfate-levels.aspx

Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans and Viral Attachment: True Receptors or Adaptation Bias?

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) are composed of unbranched, negatively charged heparan sulfate (HS) polysaccharides attached to a variety of cell surface or extracellular matrix proteins. Widely...

https://healthtranslationsa.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Meat-Packing-Clusters-COVID-19-Evidence-Update_12-May-2020.pdf

6/
"Evidence is mounting that SARS-CoV-2 uses heparan sulfates during initial attachment to hosts cells & this interaction increases affinity for critical receptor, ACE2.
Spike protein has high affinity for heparin, particularly unfractionated heparin" https://www.azolifesciences.com/news/20200609/Investigating-the-role-of-heparins-in-combating-Covid-19-infection.aspx

Investigating the role of heparins in combating Covid-19 infection

AMSBIO reports on the pioneering work by researchers at the University of Sheffield, UK to measure the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 protein receptor binding domain (SARS-CoV-2 S1 RBD)...

https://www.azolifesciences.com/news/20200609/Investigating-the-role-of-heparins-in-combating-Covid-19-infection.aspx

7/ Glycan Binding
Binding of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein to Glycans
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.17.100537v1.full.pdf
The 2019 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) surface protein (Spike) S1 Receptor Binding Domain undergoes conformational change upon heparin binding
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.29.971093v2

8/ Sacrificed Seafood Workers Left in the Dark?
https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/05/26/coronavirus-outbreak-hits-morgan-hill-fish-packing-plant/
https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2020/05/26/covid-outbreak-lusamerica-morgan-hill.html
https://www.seafoodsource.com/news/supply-trade/pacific-seafood-suspends-operations-at-five-locations-due-to-covid-19-outbreak
https://www.kpbs.org/news/2020/jun/05/covid-19-outbreak-in-pacific-northwest-seafood/
https://ohsonline.com/articles/2020/06/10/seafood-market-facing-covid19-outbreaks-too.aspx
https://www.alaskapublic.org/2020/06/09/a-seattle-fishing-company-has-more-than-100-covid-19-cases-on-its-ships-theyre-heading-to-alaska-this-summer/
https://www.registerguard.com/news/20200609/newport-seafood-plant-has-124-covid-19-cases-second-largest-outbreak-in-oregon
https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/06/05/870312092/pacific-northwest-seafood-industry-faces-covid-19-outbreak-as-season-ramps-up
https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2020/01/29/coronavirus-outbreak-chile-norway-sellers-redirect-salmon-to-us-as-china-orders-cancelled/

Coronavirus outbreak hits Morgan Hill fish packing plant

Thirty-eight previously unknown cases have been traced to Lusamerica Foods Inc. in Morgan Hill, the Santa Clara County health officer said Tuesday.

https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/05/26/coronavirus-outbreak-hits-morgan-hill-fish-packing-plant/

9/ Not even one word about Heparan Binding or Glycosaminoglycans by the WHO, FDA or the CDC!
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Interim Guidance from CDC & OSHA.
Developed in consultation with Food & Drug Administration (FDA) for Seafood Workers
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/guidance-seafood-processing.html

9/ How about Meat Workers?
Any useful advice from CDC or Mass Media or "Experts"?
115 Meat Plants
https://www.packagingstrategies.com/articles/95498-cdc-reports-115-meat-or-poultry-processing-facilities-are-contending-with-covid-19-outbreak
Revealed: why meat processing plants are the ideal incubator of the coronavirus
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/science-and-disease/revealed-meat-processing-plants-ideal-incubator-coronavirus/
Not a bloody chance as long as meat is on the table!

10/ So-Called Evidence Based Science is based on Ignorance
What explains high rate of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in meat & poultry facilities?
https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/what-explains-the-high-rate-of-sars-cov-2-transmission-in-meat-and-poultry-facilities-2/

11/ Murdering Meat Workers with
Ignorance & Naive Narratives
Meanwhile the BBC and Public Heath England say:
"There is no evidence that the meat products themselves could be a source of Covid-19 infection at the plants" https://www.bbc.com/news/53137613

Why are there outbreaks in meat processing plants?

Why have hundreds of workers tested positive for coronavirus at abattoirs and meat processing plants?

https://www.bbc.com/news/53137613

12/ Meat & Ignorance Exposed
https://www.wired.com/story/why-meatpacking-plants-have-become-covid-19-hot-spots/
https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/24857/germany-s-meat-industry-under-fire-after-covid-19-outbreaks
https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-fourth-large-outbreak-at-german-slaughterhouse/a-53476800
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/15/us-coronavirus-meat-packing-plants-food
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52311877
"Expert" advice
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6918e3.htm
"Expert" comments about meat processing plants & COVID-19 outbreaks
https://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-comments-about-meat-processing-plants-and-slaughterhouses-and-covid-19-outbreaks/

13/ Pigs? is it safe to eat Meat?
New research suggests industrial livestock, not wet markets, might be origin of Covid-19
https://www.grain.org/en/article/6437-new-research-suggests-industrial-livestock-not-wet-markets-might-be-origin-of-covid-19
Is Eating Meat From Meatpacking Plants With Covid-19 Coronavirus Outbreaks Safe?
https://www.forbes.com/sites/victoriaforster/2020/06/21/is-eating-meat-from-meatpacking-plants-with-covid-19-coronavirus-outbreaks-safe/#1360b9e47089
Food 4 Thought & Gd Night!

New research suggests industrial livestock, not wet markets, might be origin of Covid-19

https://www.grain.org/en/article/6437-new-research-suggests-industrial-livestock-not-wet-markets-might-be-origin-of-covid-19

14/ via @liljurist
Presence of protein (as well as temp & humidity) seems to extend viability of virons to survive for longer periods, which over time, will lead to an increase in viral load as more virus is shed, but not neutralized by the environment. https://oie.int/doc/ged/d8191.pdf

15/ Corpses
via @liljurist
The virus remains active for “hours if not days” in the recently deceased, at least one known infection so far from handling post mortem remains. https://www.miamiherald.com/news/coronavirus/article242085146.html

Can you catch coronavirus from a dead body? It’s a possibility, researchers say

A case in Thailand may be the first of a corpse to human infection.

https://www.miamiherald.com/news/coronavirus/article242085146.html

16/ Proteins via @liljurist
“SARS-CoV-2 infectivity remarkably preserved in presence of proteins, regardless of surface”
FC strengthens binding to saccharides but increased transmissibility of CoV2 at low temp, high humidity, protein rich environments, warrants further study.

17/ Raw Meat. Protein and Fomites
@flavinkins notes:
"In raw meat kept sterile by modern packing environments"
while @liljurist reminds us:
Prolonged Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in Fomites — Presence of Protein increases period of bioavailability. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32579874/

Prolonged Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in Fomites - PubMed

We spotted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 on polystyrene plastic, aluminum, and glass for 96 hours with and without bovine serum albumin (3 g/L). We observed a steady infectivity (<1...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32579874/

18/ Sticky SARS-COV-2?
@flavinkins conludes:
"Since Heparan sulfate binding motif XBBXBX is same as minimum furin cleavage site motif XRRXRX, if you engineer it in, it will stick to everything that touches water, fish, meat, etc, no matter if it will infect the animal or not"

19/ A possible cure?
via @flavinkins
Could Heparan sulfate be injected to cure SARS-COV-2?
It will clump with the virus & stop attachment
It will cause them to clump together & be essentially neutralized.
This explains why injected Heparin is so effective for patients.

20/ More on Heparin via @TrueOriginCOVID
"Association between treatment with heparin & survival in patients with Covid-19"
study investigates association between treatment with heparin & mortality in patients admitted with Covid-19 https://www.springermedizin.de/covid-19/the-association-between-treatment-with-heparin-and-survival-in-p/18036042

The association between treatment with heparin and survival in patients with Covid-19

This study investigates the association between the treatment with heparin and mortality in patients admitted with Covid-19. Routinely recorded …

https://www.springermedizin.de/covid-19/the-association-between-treatment-with-heparin-and-survival-in-p/18036042

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