Some of the greatest turnarounds in history.

National
Meiji Restoration, 1868
Singapore, 1965
Boluan Fanzheng, 1978
Estonia, 1991
Manmohan Singh, 1991

Tech
Andy Grove, 1986
Steve Jobs, 1996
Jeff Bezos, 2001
Elon Musk, 2008
Mark Zuckerberg, 2012
Satya Nadella, 2014 https://twitter.com/MacaesBruno/status/1267080866003595265
The Japanese knew they were behind the great Western powers...Figures like Shimazu Nariakira concluded that "if we take the initiative, we can dominate; if we do not, we will be dominated", leading Japan to "throw open its doors to foreign technology." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_Restoration
Fifty years ago Singapore became an independent state, after leaving the short-lived Malaysian Federation. With no natural resources, just how did this tiny country go from swamp to one of the region's leading economies? https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-31626174
Boluan Fanzheng...was a period in the history of People's Republic of China during which Deng Xiaoping, then paramount leader of China, led a far-reaching program attempting to correct the mistakes of the Cultural Revolution launched by Mao Zedong. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boluan_Fanzheng
What do you do when you wake up one day and realize that reality has changed, and you will either change with it or perish? Here’s one story of someone who did it successfully: Andy Grove, the former CEO of Intel Corp. https://fs.blog/2016/08/andy-grove-value-facing-reality/
Elon Musk says his companies SpaceX and Tesla are both still alive only "by the skin of their teeth".

The entrepreneur told an audience at the South by South West (SXSW) conference that both companies almost went bankrupt in 2008. https://www.bbc.com/news/business-43365710
The incredible part is the sheer speed with which Facebook (FB) has gone from being the underdog to being one of the most dominant players in mobile advertising, and in mobile media as a whole. And the way it did that has some lessons for media companies. http://archive.is/Mmc9I 
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