A #MuseumsUnlocked on bone & ivory wouldn’t be complete without the masterpiece Palaikastro Kouros! Not only does it highlight the pinnacle of Minoan realism—look at that hand!—its excavation paints a vivid story of Minoan religion!
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The highlight of the wonderful Archaeological Museum of Sitia in East Crete, the .5m tall Palaikastro Kouros is a lithochryselephantine Minoan cult statuette of the highest quality, made from hippo tooth, gold, serpentine, rock crystal, & Egyptian blue.
The statuette was likely made on Crete around 1450 BCE, and was excavated at the Minoan site of Palaikastro on the east coast of the island. Often interpreted as a cult image, the excavators found the kouros burned, broken, and its pieces spread across bldg. 5 on this plan
Before it was burned, the statue likely stood on a intricate base of Egyptian blue, atop pedestal as seen in this reconstruction. With its gold adornment and beautifully carved anatomy & hair, the Palaikastro Kouros would have been an impressive sight! But how was it made?
Moak (2000) offers a complete study of the manufacture of the Palaikastro Kouros in the @BSAthens, complete with these amazing diagrams. The 8 pieces of the body of the sculpture were carved from hippo tusks and joined by a series of intricate dowels!
While the face of the Palaikastro Kouros is not preserved, the hands, feet, & hair preserve incredible craftsmanship, complete with minutely rendered musculature & vascularity! The hair presents equal skill in another medium, carved from a fine serpentine & attached to the head!
The joins were cleverly concealed with gold foil, brilliantly crafted into recognizable Minoan jewelry or—in the case of the torso—a wide belt covering a wooden core which unfortunately hasn’t survived!
Despite the incredible information we gain about Minoan craftsmanship from the Palaikastro Kouros, many questions about its function & identity remain! Why was it destroyed, burned & buried, and what god does it represent? Recent news of a bronze comparandum may eventually help!
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