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Thread on Research Fraud by Leading Scientists in China
Peer reviewed research by Chinese scientists not trusted
1/x Immunologist Xuetao Cao is one of the most important scientists in China. The Academician & General is also Chairman of research integrity of all Chinese research
Peer reviewed research by Chinese scientists not trusted
1/x Immunologist Xuetao Cao is one of the most important scientists in China. The Academician & General is also Chairman of research integrity of all Chinese research
2/x However, we now know that Caoâs research works contain elaborately falsified research data.
The discovery was made by data integrity sleuth:
Elizabeth Bik @MicrobiomDigest assisted by @SmutClyde and others.
Great article summing up the issue https://forbetterscience.com/2019/11/18/the-teachings-of-chairman-cao/">https://forbetterscience.com/2019/11/1...
The discovery was made by data integrity sleuth:
Elizabeth Bik @MicrobiomDigest assisted by @SmutClyde and others.
Great article summing up the issue https://forbetterscience.com/2019/11/18/the-teachings-of-chairman-cao/">https://forbetterscience.com/2019/11/1...
3/x A follow up to the Xuetao Cao affair looks at âFlaw Cytometryâ, decorated with some recurrent western blots. Before proceeding, readers are instructed to first inform themselves what this is about, by studying & then reciting previous article out loud. https://forbetterscience.com/2019/11/19/promote-scientific-spirit-build-chinese-school-of-thought/">https://forbetterscience.com/2019/11/1...
4/x @MicrobiomDigest updated her thorough investigation with links to news reports, which can be found here:
https://scienceintegritydigest.com/2019/11/19/concerns-about-a-top-immunology-lab/
This">https://scienceintegritydigest.com/2019/11/1... new story about Xuetao Cao did not disappear, and it became a trending topic on Chinese news & social media sites, getting millions of views.
https://scienceintegritydigest.com/2019/11/19/concerns-about-a-top-immunology-lab/
This">https://scienceintegritydigest.com/2019/11/1... new story about Xuetao Cao did not disappear, and it became a trending topic on Chinese news & social media sites, getting millions of views.
5/x Before we move on to more cases of academic fraud, you would be wise to read @MicrobiomDigest lucid explanation of "Western Blots" and how they are often duplicated & manipulated in scientific papers. #more-1016">https://scienceintegritydigest.com/2020/02/21/western-blots/ #more-1016">https://scienceintegritydigest.com/2020/02/2...
6/ x Another issue of concern is so-called "Paper Mills" (a shady company that produces scientific papers on demand). described by Mara Hvistendahl in:
âChinaâs Publication Bazaarâ
http://sharif.edu/~ghodsi/PaP/china.pdf">https://sharif.edu/~ghodsi/P...
Data included in these papers is often falsified or fabricated.
âChinaâs Publication Bazaarâ
http://sharif.edu/~ghodsi/PaP/china.pdf">https://sharif.edu/~ghodsi/P...
Data included in these papers is often falsified or fabricated.
7/x How Paper Mills can ruin Science
Jennifer Byrne discusses a new threat to biomarker research via systematic production of fraudulent gene knockdown studies that target under-studied human genes.
Fraudulent papers are produced in series by paper mills using "salami slicing"
Jennifer Byrne discusses a new threat to biomarker research via systematic production of fraudulent gene knockdown studies that target under-studied human genes.
Fraudulent papers are produced in series by paper mills using "salami slicing"
8/x
She describes features of single-gene knockdown papers that allow them to evade detection by journal editors, peer reviewers & readers:
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1177271919829162">https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/1...
Jennifer Byrne interviewed here: https://www.elsevier.com/connect/editors-update/meet-the-woman-whos-tracking-down-systematic-research-fraud">https://www.elsevier.com/connect/e...
She describes features of single-gene knockdown papers that allow them to evade detection by journal editors, peer reviewers & readers:
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1177271919829162">https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/1...
Jennifer Byrne interviewed here: https://www.elsevier.com/connect/editors-update/meet-the-woman-whos-tracking-down-systematic-research-fraud">https://www.elsevier.com/connect/e...
9/x
Jennifer discusses "Seek & Blastn", a free online tool that you can use to identify, extract and fact check nucleotide sequences in publications:
http://scigendetection.imag.fr/TPD52/Va/ ">https://scigendetection.imag.fr/TPD52/Va/...
Jennifer discusses "Seek & Blastn", a free online tool that you can use to identify, extract and fact check nucleotide sequences in publications:
http://scigendetection.imag.fr/TPD52/Va/ ">https://scigendetection.imag.fr/TPD52/Va/...
10/x Data Thugs
Time to listen to a short podcast about 2 âdata thugsâ who have designed tools that can identify suspicious data, where they discuss some of their more interesting cases of academic fraud https://mises.org/library/james-heathers-why-science-needs-data-thugs">https://mises.org/library/j...
Time to listen to a short podcast about 2 âdata thugsâ who have designed tools that can identify suspicious data, where they discuss some of their more interesting cases of academic fraud https://mises.org/library/james-heathers-why-science-needs-data-thugs">https://mises.org/library/j...
11/ x We cannot afford to assume that because science is funded by taxpayers (GVP), it is trustworthy & unbiased. Grant-giving agencies, universities & individual scientists all have agendas & try to publish material which makes their dogmas appear true.e.g: Fauci, Daszak, Holmes
12/x Example of recent academic fraud involving images, a Chinese paper co-authored by @edwardcholmes attempted to support the "natural origin" of SARSCOV2 by falsifying data leading to false conclusions (broadcasted globally):
https://twitter.com/idomyownexpts/status/1260221619563311104">https://twitter.com/idomyowne... https://twitter.com/Daoyu15/status/1260159421042188288">https://twitter.com/Daoyu15/s...
https://twitter.com/idomyownexpts/status/1260221619563311104">https://twitter.com/idomyowne... https://twitter.com/Daoyu15/status/1260159421042188288">https://twitter.com/Daoyu15/s...
13/x I don& #39;t wish to make this thread into a China "bashing" session, but we need to be aware of the extent of fraud.
Let& #39;s start by taking a peek inside the shadowy world of China& #39;s fake science research black market: https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2018-09-13/the-fake-science-trade-inside-chinas-research-black-market/10238730">https://www.abc.net.au/news/scie...
Let& #39;s start by taking a peek inside the shadowy world of China& #39;s fake science research black market: https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2018-09-13/the-fake-science-trade-inside-chinas-research-black-market/10238730">https://www.abc.net.au/news/scie...
14/ x
"When cancer research journal "Tumor Biology" retracted 107 papers last year, a dubious new world record was set which shocked scientists around the world, largely because all 107 papers were penned by Chinese researchers"
The Editor of Tumor Biology did not respond
https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="đ€" title="âSchweigen ist Goldâ-Gesicht" aria-label="Emoji: âSchweigen ist Goldâ-Gesicht">
"When cancer research journal "Tumor Biology" retracted 107 papers last year, a dubious new world record was set which shocked scientists around the world, largely because all 107 papers were penned by Chinese researchers"
The Editor of Tumor Biology did not respond
" title="14/ x "When cancer research journal "Tumor Biology" retracted 107 papers last year, a dubious new world record was set which shocked scientists around the world, largely because all 107 papers were penned by Chinese researchers"The Editor of Tumor Biology did not respond https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="đ€" title="âSchweigen ist Goldâ-Gesicht" aria-label="Emoji: âSchweigen ist Goldâ-Gesicht">" class="img-responsive" style="max-width:100%;"/>
15/x Summary so far
We have seen how scientific research is plagued by hidden agendas, image manipulation & duplication, as well as "paper mills" selling fake research papers & even entirely fake research results to anyone who will pay, especially in China.
We have seen how scientific research is plagued by hidden agendas, image manipulation & duplication, as well as "paper mills" selling fake research papers & even entirely fake research results to anyone who will pay, especially in China.
16/x Got to get some sleep, more to come tomorrow,
In the meantime another great podcast:
Mass retractions by scientific journals of papers penned by Chinese scientists has exposed a major problem for China and for science globally. But is China alone? https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/sciencefriction/science-fraud-china-v2/10179248">https://www.abc.net.au/radionati...
In the meantime another great podcast:
Mass retractions by scientific journals of papers penned by Chinese scientists has exposed a major problem for China and for science globally. But is China alone? https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/sciencefriction/science-fraud-china-v2/10179248">https://www.abc.net.au/radionati...
17/x Update
3 Chinese academic heavyweights are implicated in separate academic fraud cases involving fake research papers.
"Fraud fighter" Fang Zhouzi (right) & Xiao Chuanguo, who hired someone to attack Fang after Fang called out on his academic fraud.
3 Chinese academic heavyweights are implicated in separate academic fraud cases involving fake research papers.
"Fraud fighter" Fang Zhouzi (right) & Xiao Chuanguo, who hired someone to attack Fang after Fang called out on his academic fraud.
18/x
Accusations by former Dean of Peking Universityâs School of Life Sciences, Rao Yi, in a letter published by the media.
The academics involved in this research scandal are: Li Hongliang, doctoral advisor and President of Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences;
Accusations by former Dean of Peking Universityâs School of Life Sciences, Rao Yi, in a letter published by the media.
The academics involved in this research scandal are: Li Hongliang, doctoral advisor and President of Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences;
19/x
Next one in the letter was:
Pei Gang, Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences & doctoral advisor at Chinese Academy of Sciencesâ Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
http://www.sibcb.ac.cn/ePI.asp?id=51
https://www.sibcb.ac.cn/ePI.asp... href=" http://sourcedb.sibs.cas.cn/yw/rck/200906/t20090629_1856117.html
https://sourcedb.sibs.cas.cn/yw/rck/20... href=" http://www.chinavitae.com/biography/Pei_Gang/career">https://www.chinavitae.com/biography...
Next one in the letter was:
Pei Gang, Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences & doctoral advisor at Chinese Academy of Sciencesâ Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
http://www.sibcb.ac.cn/ePI.asp?id=51
20/ x
Final one is Geng Meiyu, DG of CAS Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
"Though some original images were selected incorrectly in the remaining three papers, there was no evidence of image stitching and forgery...."
https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1171723.shtml
https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1... href=" http://sourcedb.simm.cas.cn/yw/zjrcyw/201111/t20111122_3400177.html">https://sourcedb.simm.cas.cn/yw/zjrcyw...
Final one is Geng Meiyu, DG of CAS Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
"Though some original images were selected incorrectly in the remaining three papers, there was no evidence of image stitching and forgery...."
https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1171723.shtml
21/x Raoâs letter to President Li Jinghai of National Natural Science Foundation of China called for thorough check of Li Hongliangâs âoutrageous fraudulent research in the past 17 years & a strict review of Pei Gangâs use of Foundation to fund his paper https://www.thinkchina.sg/chinas-fight-against-academic-fraud">https://www.thinkchina.sg/chinas-fi...
22/x Whitewash
Subsequently, they were cleared of fraud by in house investigations:
1. Geng Meiyu,: https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1171723.shtml
2.">https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1... Li Hongliang: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201802/05/WS5a7809f3a3106e7dcc13ad91.html
3.">https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201802/... Pei Gang
https://www.facebook.com/111190206982472/posts/136886977746128/">https://www.facebook.com/111190206...
Subsequently, they were cleared of fraud by in house investigations:
1. Geng Meiyu,: https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1171723.shtml
2.">https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1... Li Hongliang: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201802/05/WS5a7809f3a3106e7dcc13ad91.html
3.">https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201802/... Pei Gang
https://www.facebook.com/111190206982472/posts/136886977746128/">https://www.facebook.com/111190206...
23/ x
"After 2 rounds of investigations, committee finally unanimous concluded that Li Hongliang& #39;s team had not conducted academic fraud. There were some negligence in the writing of the papers & Li Hongliang& #39;s team has been advised to be more rigorous & meticulous in the future"
"After 2 rounds of investigations, committee finally unanimous concluded that Li Hongliang& #39;s team had not conducted academic fraud. There were some negligence in the writing of the papers & Li Hongliang& #39;s team has been advised to be more rigorous & meticulous in the future"
24/x 3 blind https://abs.twimg.com/emoji/v2/... draggable="false" alt="đ" title="Maus" aria-label="Emoji: Maus">
Specific details & images of 3 whitewashed fraud cases here:
http://www.zhishifenzi.com/news/multiple/494.html
https://www.zhishifenzi.com/news/mult... href=" https://www.smalltechnews.com/archives/27132
https://www.smalltechnews.com/archives/... href=" https://www.thinkchina.sg/chinas-fight-against-academic-fraud
https://www.thinkchina.sg/chinas-fi... href=" https://www.sixthtone.com/news/1004909/researchers-dismiss-doubts-raised-about-new-alzheimers-drug
https://www.sixthtone.com/news/1004... href=" #_rnd1590957532064">https://www.weibo.com/1642632622/IirLN0gD6?refer_flag=1001030103_&type=comment #_rnd1590957532064
https://www.weibo.com/164263262... href=" http://www.zhishifenzi.com/news/multiple/494.html
Investigation">https://www.zhishifenzi.com/news/mult... into peer review fraud in China to follow
Specific details & images of 3 whitewashed fraud cases here:
http://www.zhishifenzi.com/news/multiple/494.html
Investigation">https://www.zhishifenzi.com/news/mult... into peer review fraud in China to follow
25/x Investigation into peer review fraud in China
will be updated in near future
will be updated in near future
26/ Updates to this thread via @santiagomiriuka
https://twitter.com/santiagomiriuka/status/1276659992310026246
"I">https://twitter.com/santiagom... have seen increasing number of papers coming from #China that bother me & many scientists
All of them have same format with title & idea
"mir-XXX targets lncRNA-yyy preventing cell cycle in cancer-ZZZ"
https://twitter.com/santiagomiriuka/status/1276659992310026246
"I">https://twitter.com/santiagom... have seen increasing number of papers coming from #China that bother me & many scientists
All of them have same format with title & idea
"mir-XXX targets lncRNA-yyy preventing cell cycle in cancer-ZZZ"
27/ Updates to this thread via @santiagomiriuka https://forbetterscience.com/2020/01/24/the-full-service-paper-mill-and-its-chinese-customers/">https://forbetterscience.com/2020/01/2...
27/ Updates to this thread via @santiagomiriuka https://forbetterscience.com/2019/04/23/professor-zhaos-paper-mill-of-fraud/">https://forbetterscience.com/2019/04/2...
