For the most part, Python keeps you safe. You have to really try to shoot yourself in the foot. But here& #39;s one that& #39;s bitten me three times:

import numpy as np

def get_num(num=np.random.randint(1000)):
    print(num)

get_num()
get_num()

>> 612
>> 612

In Python3, keyword arguments can default to a function call. The Trick is, it looks like it only calls the function once. After that it uses the same default value every time.

If you need a fresh function call each time, you can use something like

def get_num(num=None):
if num is None:
num = np.random.randint(1000)
print(num)

get_num()
get_num()

>> 236
>> 960