#Throwback 1983 The fight against Apartheid South Africa was tricky for e newly independent Zimbabwe & sister nation Mozambique.On hand these 2 states supported sanctions against South Africa,on e other their very economic survival depended on South Africa.

2. How Apartheid South Africa used the vital rail link via Beitbridge to hold Zimbabwe & Zambia ransom .....

3. Zimbabwe found itself in a very tricky situation as South Africa virtually had it by the balls! A hostile relationship with South Africa would’ve cost e country hundreds of millions of US dollars as beef,cotton and grain exports ....

http://4.In  order to reduce her dependence on e Beitbridg route,Zimbabwe turned 2 e Beira route but it wasn’t as easy it seemed......

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7.Beira was literally closed for business! South Africa was winning its economic war !

8. The Commonwealth & the British government made it clear that any incursion into Zimbabwe and Mozambique could possibly lead to some form of ‘intervention’ depending on what the Frontline States themselves wanted in e form of help...

9/9Linda Chalker (British Foreign Office) and then State Security Minister,Cde. E.D.Mnangagwa .....