Now Premal Shah on gene expression evolution in the E.coli long term evolution experiment. Context: Growth rate increases (selection works!) and there is not much parallelism at the sequence level. #TAGC20

Shah: Because evolved LTEE cells are much bigger, they wanted to measure absolute gene expression. Used spike-in RNA controls and cell counting. #TAGC20

Shah: Gene expression and metabolic changes are parallel between LTEE lines. #TAGC20

Shah: The translational and taranscriptional levels are similar in the LTEE. (This seems like a difference to the yeast results earlier in the session.) #TAGC20

Shah: "Translation termination is faster across all evolved lines" measured with ribosome density. So, in the LTEE flasks it pays to grow big and translate quickly? #TAGC20