"My battle,” Newman wrote in his Apologia, “was with liberalism; by liberalism, I mean the anti-dogmatic principle.” He saw that principle enshrined in the tricolor, and he said it sickened him to catch sight of the flag while traveling abroad.

The two are linked. https://twitter.com/RyanTAnd/status/1250039262298472454

It is impossible to neatly separate religious from political liberalism. They spring from the same root. In his "Letter to the Duke of Norfolk," writing to defend the pope's coercive authority to form consciences, Newman fondly recalled a time when. . . .

. . . "the state had a conscience, and the chief justice of the day pronounced not as a point of obsolete law, but as an energetic, living truth, that Christianity was the law of the land." He approvingly quoted Blackstone's commentary that insults to Christianity be proscribed.

Elsewhere: "When men advocate the right of conscience, they in no sense mean the rights of the creator. . . . but the right of thinking, speaking, writing and acting according to their judgment or their humor."

Now, is that a condemnation of religious or political liberalism?