There r some interesting insights about Indians as imagined & misinterpreted by some Greek diplomats and Historians..
.. like one Ancient Greek Historian, who is regarded as Father of History in Western World, writes that Indians had lot of gold bcoz we used to steal them from gold digging ants of size same as average men. 🤦‍♂️🤦‍♂️ @UnbiasedSecular @iDrKaRiShMa @VertigoWarrior @apparrnnaa @icedtea28
Will share further as I read #StaySafe #StayHomeIndia #StayHomeStaySafe
This is yet another about collection of gold -
But Persians acknowledge that the Indian provinces to the west of Indus paid the maximum tribute to the crown bcoz they were the richest and most advanced among all. #history
Megasthenes, the Greek ambassador in the court of Chandragupta Maurya, has mentioned about women studying philosophy from a class of ascetics (sages/yogis) who worship nature. #ancient #history
Several Greek travelers have written about the fertility and unimaginable riches of Indian nations which leads to bountiful crop every year. They talk about tribes who stay in alliance with the King in exchange of weapons and other support from the royal families. #History
Just came to know how fascinated were the Greeks on sugarcane, cloves, pepper, several medicinal plants and fauna in Ganges. India was truly a magical land for them. #india #history
Megasthenes & several Greek accounts talk high of Indian physicians who were experts in treating snake bites, especially the when bitten by 6-16 foot long highly venomous snakes in India. They also are awe of huge variety of medicinal herbs used here @dhingramahima9 @icedtea28
“Leaving Desarene the course is northerly, passing a variety of barbarous tribes, among which are the Kirrhadai (Kiratas), savages whose noses are flattened to the face, and another tribe, that of the Bargusoi (of Nicobar Islands), as well as the Hippioprosopoi or Makroprosopoi..
.. (horse-faced or long-faced men), who are reported to be cannibals.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN
https://amzn.in/9ezi558 

This is what the Greeks have to say about the aborigines in Andaman & Nicobar Islands @dhingramahima9 @apparrnnaa @harshapatel2013
Claudius Aelianus in mid 2nd century AD while in Rome wrote this about Indian Dogs :-
“Book IV. c. xix. Indian dogs must also be reckoned as wild beasts, being unmatched for prowess and courage, and being of the largest size to be anywhere found.....(1)
..They regard with contempt all other animals. But with lion Indian dog sets himself to fight; he sustains his onset, barks back when he roars, and bites him when he bites. The dog is in the end beaten, but not till he has sorely harassed his antagonist and mangled him..(2)
.. And yet it sometimes happens that the lion is vanquished by the Indian dog and killed in the chase. In point of fact, if the dog once clutches him he holds on like grim death. Even if one should approach and with a knife cut off the leg of the dog,..(3)
... the pain will not reduce him to let go his grip. Rather than let go he suffers the limb to be severed & his jaws relax not till life is extinct. He then lies prostrate, forced only by death to abandon the fray.”.(4)

THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN @dhingramahima9
“On Peacocks: C. xxi. Describes the peacock, ending with this remark: ‘Alexander, the Macedonian, on seeing these birds in India, was struck with astonishment,...
... and so charmed with their beauty that he threatened the severest penalties against any one who should kill a peacock.’”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN
https://amzn.in/91ObrdQ  @apparrnnaa @harshapatel2013 @dhingramahima9 @icedtea28 @Vaidehee_5 @dharmicverangna
“On The gentle elephant of Porus: C. xxxvii.

When Porus the Indian King was wounded in the battle in which he engaged with Alexander, the elephant on which he rode, though suffering itself from many wounds, did nevertheless with gentleness and..>>
..>> caution draw out with its trunk the darts with which the body of Porus was pierced, and ceased not to do this until it observed that its master from the excessive loss of blood was becoming weak and ready to faint. Accordingly it lowered him slowly and gently, and..>>
..>> stood still with its knees bent in such a way as would prevent the body of Porus in descending to be thrown with violence on the ground.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN @VertigoWarrior @harshapatel2013 @dhingramahima9 @apparrnnaa
On Ganga and its creatures: C. xli. “The Ganges, which is an Indian river on springing from its sources, while as yet it has no tributary streams but only its own waters, has a depth of twenty fathoms, and a breadth of eighty stadia; but when in its progress other rivers..
... have joined it and augmented its volume of waters, its depth reaches to sixty fathoms, and its breadth spreads out to four hundred stadia… It breeds fishes of monstrous size, and from the fat of these an unguent is prepared....
Turtles also are found in it with a shell not smaller than a cask which can hold as much as twenty amphorae (about 180 gallons). It breeds also two kinds of crocodiles, and of these one is quite harmless, while the other devours all sorts of flesh and is unsparingly cruel...
... They have an excrescence on their snout like that of the horned serpent. The natives employ their services in inflicting the supreme penalty on malefactors,...
... for they throw to them those who have been found guilty of the most heinous offences, and so they do not require the services of an executioner.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN @icedtea28 @dhingramahima9 👆something on Ganga river as recorded by foreigners.
Roman chronicler Claudius Aelianus (mid-second century AD) wrote A Collection of Miscellaneous History; (translated by McCrindle) wherein he says the following regarding Ox races in India 👇 @dhingramahima9 @AartiAuthor @VaruKrutika @icedtea28 @harshasherni @apparrnnaa :-
“Oxen races: C. xxiv. The Indians make much ado also about the oxen that run fast; and both the king himself and many of the greatest nobles take contending views of their swiftness, and make bets in gold and silver, and think it no disgrace to stake their money on these animals.
They yoke them in chariots, and incur hazard on the chance of victory. The horses that are yoked to the car run in the middle with an ox on each side, and one of these wheels sharp round the turning-post and must run thirty stadia...
The oxen run at pace equal to that of the horses, and you could not decide which was the fleeter, the ox or the horse. And if the king has laid a wager on his own oxen with any one,
.. he becomes so excited over the contest that he follows in his chariot to instigate the driver to speed faster. The driver again pricks the horses with the goad till the blood streams, but he keeps his hand off the oxen, for they run without needing the goad.
And to such a pitch does the emulation in the match between the oxen rise, that not only do the rich and the owners of the oxen lay heavy bets upon them but even the spectators, just as Idomeneus the Cretan and the Locrian Ajax are represented in Homer betting against each other.
.. There are in India oxen of another kind, and these look like very big goats. These are yoked together, and run very fast, being not inferior in speed to the horses of the Getae.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN
As I read the Buddhist accounts of India belonging 2 beginning of CE, I get a feeling that every Buddhist author leaves no stone unturned to put their belief system on a higher pedestal wrt to Hinduism by addressing it as heresy and.. @dhingramahima9 @VaruKrutika @AartiAuthor
...showcasing the rulers, nobles & Buddhist patrons to be all inhuman, barbaric criminals of the society before joining Buddhism.The purpose seems to be to glorify their fold exaggeratedly. Also, ancient Buddhist beliefs appear to be exorbitantly mythical and unscientific.
Roman chronicler Claudius Aelianus (mid-second century AD) in Collection of Miscellaneous History; (translated by McCrindle) writes this abt ‘Myriad birds: Book XVI.c.ii.’ 👇 @dhingramahima9 @Divii_Sharma @AartiAuthor @visa_pro @harshasherni @icedtea28 @SRaEarth09 @durga_shakti_
They are also peacocks in India, the largest of their kind anywhere found, and wood-pigeons with pale-green feathers, which one ignorant of ornithology on seeing for the first time would take to be parrots and not pigeons.
They have bills and legs of the same colour as Greek partridges. There are in India cocks also of the largest size, with crests not red-coloured like those of our cocks at least, but many-hued like a coronal of flowers.
Their rump feathers are neither curved nor curled, but broad, and they trail them as peacocks do their tails when they do not lift and erect them.
... The plumage of these Indian cocks (monal pheasants) is of a golden and a gleaming azure colour like the smaragdus stone.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN https://amzn.in/eoE4a83 
Roman chronicler Claudius Aelianus (mid-second century AD) in Collection of Miscellaneous History; (translated by McCrindle) writes this abt ‘Taming of Panthers by Indians.’ 👇 @dhingramahima9 @Divii_Sharma @AartiAuthor @visa_pro @harshasherni @icedtea28 @SRaEarth09 @durga_shakti_
I have no reason whatever to doubt that lions of the largest size r found in India, & what convinces me is that this country is such an excellent mother of other animals. But of all the beasts that one can encounter these r the most savage & ferocious.. @VaruKrutika @Angriy_BiRd
....The skins of these lions look black–the bristly hair of their mane stands erect, and their very aspect strikes the soul with terror and dismay. If they can be captured before they are full-grown and not otherwise, they can be led by the leash,...
.. and with the huntsmen and their hounds take part in hunting young deer and stags, and boars and buffaloes and wild asses, for, as I am told, they have a very keen scent.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN
https://amzn.in/6uq9Y0Y  @Angriy_BiRd
Roman chronicler Claudius Aelianus (mid-second century AD) in Collection of Miscellaneous History further writes abt ‘Character of Indians.’ 👇 @dhingramahima9 @Divii_Sharma @AartiAuthor @visa_pro @harshasherni @icedtea28 @SRaEarth09 @durga_shakti_ @VaruKrutika @Angriy_BiRd
“The Indians neither put out money at usury, nor know how to borrow. It is contrary to established usage for an Indian either to do or suffer a wrong, and therefore they neither make contracts nor require securities.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN
Philostratus in 220 AD, wrote abt Apollonius, a Greek mystic/wise man of Tyana, who traveled India searching for true wisdom👇 @dhingramahima9 @Divii_Sharma @AartiAuthor @visa_pro @harshasherni @icedtea28 @SRaEarth09 @durga_shakti_ @VaruKrutika @Angriy_BiRd
Apollonius, the wise man from Tyana, says the following abt the Brahmins of India 👇 @dhingramahima9 @Divii_Sharma @AartiAuthor @visa_pro @harshasherni @icedtea28 @SRaEarth09 @durga_shakti_ @VaruKrutika @Angriy_BiRd
As recorded by Philostratus, “On the Indian Brahmins: 15. The Wise Men’s nature and their way of life on the hill are described by Apollonius himself, since in one of his addresses to the Egyptians he says, ‘I saw the Indian Brahmans living on the earth and not on it...
... Walled without walls, and with no possessions except the whole world’s. This is his rather philosophical account: Damis says that they sleep on the earth, but the earth makes a bed for them of any kind of grass they choose...
.. He also says he saw them levitating as much as three feet from the ground, not for ostentation, since that kind of vanity is foreign to them,
but because all the rites they perform to the Sun they do above the earth like him, considering this practice appropriate for the god.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN
Apollonius of Tyana (15-100 CE), the legendary Greek philosopher & anti Christ on concept of soul as learned from Indian sages, has said this l👇: @dhingramahima9 @Divii_Sharma @AartiAuthor @visa_pro @harshasherni @icedtea28 @SRaEarth09 @durga_shakti_ @VaruKrutika @Angriy_BiRd
My philosophy has been concerned with the being and the origins of the art: and I have observed that it belongs to men who are expert in divine science and have the truest conception of the soul...
... because it is the soul, subject neither to death nor to birth, that is the source of being.’”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN
Greek historian Diodorus Siculus in 100 BCE wrote in Bibliotheca Historica,Vol XVII,Ch.LXXXIV abt Alexander’s treachery towards Indian soldiers & valour of Indian women👇 @dhingramahima9 @Divii_Sharma @AartiAuthor @harshasherni @SRaEarth09 @durga_shakti_ @VaruKrutika @Angriy_BiRd
“When the capitulation on those terms had been ratified by oaths, the Queen [of Massaga], to show her admiration of Alexander’s magnanimity, sent out to him most valuable presents, with an intimation that she would fulfil all the stipulations. .@Southvanilla @visa_pro @icedtea28
.. Then the mercenaries at once, in accordance with the terms of the agreement, evacuated the city, and after retiring to a distance of eighty stadia, pitched their camp unmolested without thought of what was to happen...
.. But Alexander, who was actuated by an implacable enmity against the mercenaries, and had kept his troops under arms ready for action, pursued the barbarians, and falling suddenly upon them, made a great slaughter of their ranks...
... The barbarians at first loudly protested that they were attacked in violation of sworn obligations, and invoked the gods whom he had desecrated by taking false oaths in their name...
But Alexander with loud voice retorted that his covenant merely bound him to let them depart from the city, and was by no means a league of perpetual amity between them and the Macedonians. The mercenaries, undismayed by the greatness of their danger, drew their ranks together in
.. the form of a ring, within which they placed the women and children to guard them on all sides against their assailants. As they were now desperate, and by their audacity and feats of valour made the conflict in which they closed hot work for the enemy,..
.. while the Macedonians held it a point of honour not to be outdone in courage by a horde of barbarians, great was the astonishment and alarm which the peril of the crisis created.
.. For as the combatants were locked together fighting hand to hand, death and wounds were dealt round in every variety of form. Thus the Macedonians, when once their long spikes had shattered the shields of the barbarians, ..
.. pierced their vitals with the steel points of these weapons, and on the other hand the mercenaries never hurled their javelins without deadly effect against the near mark presented by the dense ranks of the enemy...
When many were thus wounded and not a few killed, the women, taking the arms of the fallen, fought side by side with the men for the imminence of the danger and the great interests at stake forced them to do violence to their nature, and to take an active part in the defence...
.. Accordingly some of them who had supplied themselves with arms, did their best to cover their husbands with their shields, while others who were without arms did much to impede the enemy by flinging themselves upon them and catching hold of their shields...
.. The defenders, however, after fighting desperately along with their wives, were at last overpowered by superior numbers, and met a glorious death which they would have disdained to exchange for a life with dishonour...
.. Alexander spared the unwarlike and unarmed multitude, as well as the women that still survived, but took them away under charge of the cavalry.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN
https://amzn.in/14k2hx2 

And we have been taught Alexander, “The Great” !!! #History
Greek historian Diodorus Siculus in 100 BCE wrote in Book II of Bibliotheca Historica on abundance in India👇 @dhingramahima9 @Divii_Sharma @AartiAuthor @harshasherni @SRaEarth09 @durga_shakti_ @VaruKrutika @Angriy_BiRd @icedtea28 @visa_pro
“..while the soil bears on its surface all kinds of fruits which are known to cultivation, it has also under ground numerous veins of all sorts of metals, for it contains much gold and silver, and copper and iron in no small quantity, and even tin and other metals,..
... which are employed in making articles of use and ornament, as well as the implements and accoutrements of war.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN
Greek historian Diodorus Siculus in 100 BCE wrote in Book II of Bibliotheca Historica on famines in India👇 @dhingramahima9 @Divii_Sharma @AartiAuthor @harshasherni @SRaEarth09 @durga_shakti_ @VaruKrutika @Angriy_BiRd @icedtea28 @visa_pro
“It is accordingly affirmed that famine has never visited India, and that there has never been a general scarcity in the supply of nourishing food. For, since there is a double rainfall in the course of each year-one in the winter season,..
... when the sowing of wheat takes place as in other countries, and the second at the time of the summer solstice, which is the proper season for sowing rice and bosporum,
.. as well as sesamum and millet-the inhabitants of India almost always gather in two harvests annually;”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN https://amzn.in/8dEuGD7 
Greek historian Diodorus Siculus in 100 BCE wrote in Book II of Bibliotheca Historica on Respect to Farmers & Nature during Wars in India👇 @dhingramahima9 @Divii_Sharma @AartiAuthor @harshasherni @SRaEarth09 @durga_shakti_ @VaruKrutika @Angriy_BiRd @icedtea28 @visa_pro
“Respect to farmers and nature during war: But, further, there are usages observed by the Indians which contribute to prevent the occurrence of famine among them; for whereas among other nations it is usual, in the contests of war, to ravage the soil,...
.. and thus to reduce it to an uncultivated waste, among the Indians, on the contrary, by whom husbandmen are regarded as a class that is sacred and inviolable, the tillers of the soil, even when battle is raging in their neighbourhood, ..
... are undisturbed by any sense of danger, for the combatants on either side in waging the conflict make carnage of each other, but allow those engaged in husbandry to remain quite unmolested...
.. Besides, they neither ravage an enemy’s land with fire, nor cut down its trees.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN
Greek historian Diodorus Siculus in 100 BCE wrote in Book II of Bibliotheca Historica on Equality & No Slavery in Ancient India👇 @dhingramahima9 @Divii_Sharma @AartiAuthor @harshasherni @SRaEarth09 @VaruKrutika @Angriy_BiRd @icedtea28 @visa_pro @VertigoWarrior
“Of several remarkable customs existing among the Indians, there is one prescribed by their ancient philosophers which one may regard as truly admirable: for the law ordains that no one among them shall, under any circumstances, be a slave, ...
... but that, enjoying freedom, they shall respect the principle of equality in all persons: for those, they thought, who have learned neither to domineer over nor to cringe to others will attain the life best adapted for all vicissitudes of lot:...
...since it is silly to make laws on the basis of equality of all persons and yet to establish inequalities in social intercourse.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN #indianhistory #history #ancient
Greek author Porphyry (AD 233-306) in “On Abstinence from Animal Food, Book IV”, called Physica writes abt Ardhnarishwar form :
👇 @dhingramahima9 @Divii_Sharma @AartiAuthor @harshasherni @SRaEarth09 @VaruKrutika @Angriy_BiRd @icedtea28 @visa_pro @dharmicverangna
“They (the Indian envoys) told me further that there was a large natural cave in a very high mountain almost in the middle of the country, 199 wherein there is to be seen a statue of ten, say, or twelve cubits high, standing upright with its hands...
... folded crosswise-and the right-half of its face was that of a man, and the left that of a woman; and in like manner the right hand and right foot, and in short the whole right side was male and the left female, so that the spectator was struck with wonder at the combination,.
.. as he saw how the two dissimilar sides coalesced in an indissoluble union in a single body. 200 In this statue was engraved, it is said, on the right breast the sun, and on the left the moon, while on the two arms was artistically engraved a host of angels (devas)...
.... and whatever the world contains, that is to say, the sky and mountains and a sea, and a river and ocean, together with plants and animals-in fact, everything.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN #history #IncredibleIndia #travelers #greek #india #bharat
On how Chinese knew us: “The earliest reference to India in Chinese works dates from the second century BC & speaks of Yan-tu or Yin-tu, meaning Hindu & Shin-tu meaning Sindhu.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN
@AartiAuthor @dhingramahima9 @Angriy_BiRd @harshasherni
Fa-Hian (337-442 CE) on this travel to north India :

“Monasteries of Udyana: Crossing the river we arrive at the country of Ou-chang (Udyana). This is the most northern part of India.. @Angriy_BiRd @AartiAuthor @VaruKrutika @MsStilettoes @dhingramahima9 @harshasherni @Itishree001
.. The language of middle India is everywhere used. Middle India is that which is called the Middle Country (Madya Desa). The clothes and food of the ordinary people are, likewise, just the same as in the Middle Country.”

— THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-1) by SANDHYA JAIN #History
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