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Whole genomes of coronavirus from UK patients sequenced - Neuroscience News https://neurosciencenews.com/geneome-covid-19-15917/
Infectious disease researchers at The University of Texas studying the novel coronavirus found that time between cases in a chain of transmission is less than a week and that more than 10% of patients are infected by somebody who has the virus but does not yet have symptoms.
MIT researchers are working on a range of projects to help diagnose and slow the transmission of #COVID19. They are developing a paper-based test that can deliver results within less than 30 minutes. They are currently submitting to the FDA for emergency use authorization.
The Cambridge-based biotech company Moderna announced it had an experimental vaccine ready to test. That speedy turnaround is due to the unique advantages of RNA vaccines, says Daniel Anderson, an MIT professor of chemical engineering, who also works on such vaccines.
But yeah, god god god, determinism determinism determinism, cow dung, incense sticks and candles, black threads and red threads on the wrist and instrument of torture dangling from the neck!!
Not one god can achieve what one decent scientist can. Through volition of course.
Not one god can achieve what one decent scientist can. Through volition of course.
https://neurosciencenews.com/covid-19-virus-isolated-15911/amp/
A team of Canadian researchers has isolated SARS-CoV-2. Isolating the virus will help researchers worldwide to develop better diagnostic tests,treatments,vaccines for the pandemic virus +better understanding of virus biology, evolution and viral shedding.
A team of Canadian researchers has isolated SARS-CoV-2. Isolating the virus will help researchers worldwide to develop better diagnostic tests,treatments,vaccines for the pandemic virus +better understanding of virus biology, evolution and viral shedding.
On the positive side, i marvel at the beauty of the human body and all its complex inter-connected systems. The mind and all systems like immune, endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory etc. Everything influencing everything else, nothing left uninfluenced by a single sub-system.
Imagine: everyone worries about what we feed our body because the results are not just limited to the body but to the mind too!
Yet hardly anyone worries about what we feed the mind.
See the empty shells at gyms, on gluten free, on half-marathons.....while mind is fed rot!
Yet hardly anyone worries about what we feed the mind.
See the empty shells at gyms, on gluten free, on half-marathons.....while mind is fed rot!
https://www.barrons.com/articles/roche-gets-emergency-approval-for-first-fast-covid-19-test-51584104184
Rosche diagnostic machines granted emergency approval by FDA will be able to process up to 4,000 of the Covid-19 tests per day which is 10 times faster than currently used tests.
#COVID2019
Rosche diagnostic machines granted emergency approval by FDA will be able to process up to 4,000 of the Covid-19 tests per day which is 10 times faster than currently used tests.
#COVID2019
https://khn.org/morning-breakout/gilead-halts-emergency-access-to-remdesivir-amid-surging-demand-scientists-identify-69-drugs-that-might-work/
Positive updates on how Science is trying to fight #Covid19.
Midnight oil being burnt, efforts are on, there will be hits, there will be misses - it is a balance between protocols, safety, intelligence and hope.
Positive updates on how Science is trying to fight #Covid19.
Midnight oil being burnt, efforts are on, there will be hits, there will be misses - it is a balance between protocols, safety, intelligence and hope.
For those of you who might want to delve deeper on the various clinical trials currently underway, link here.
https://www.gilead.com/purpose/advancing-global-health/covid-19/remdesivir-clinical-trials
#Covid19
https://www.gilead.com/purpose/advancing-global-health/covid-19/remdesivir-clinical-trials
#Covid19
Summary:
Trial Start Date: March '20
End Date: May '20
Sample: ~1000 #Covid19 patients
Testing for 2 conditions: Moderate and Severe Manifestation.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials all these.
Science is on the move - hang in there.
Trial Start Date: March '20
End Date: May '20
Sample: ~1000 #Covid19 patients
Testing for 2 conditions: Moderate and Severe Manifestation.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials all these.
Science is on the move - hang in there.
This is the China Study.
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT04257656
Estimated Primary Completion Date: 3rd April '20.
Drug: Remdesivir
RDV 200 mg loading dose on day 1 is given, followed by 100 mg iv once-daily maintenance doses for 9 days.
Other Name: GS-5734
This is an RCT.
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT04257656
Estimated Primary Completion Date: 3rd April '20.
Drug: Remdesivir
RDV 200 mg loading dose on day 1 is given, followed by 100 mg iv once-daily maintenance doses for 9 days.
Other Name: GS-5734
This is an RCT.
Using polymerase enzymes fm the coronavirus, scientists found that the enzymes can incorporate Remdesivir, which resembles an RNA building block,into new RNA strands. Shortly after adding remdesivir, the enzyme stops being able to add more RNA subunits, halting genome replication
The scientists hypothesise that this might happen because RNA containing remdesivir takes on a strange shape that does not fit into the enzyme.
Remember, when it comes to proteins, structure determines function.
Remember, when it comes to proteins, structure determines function.
Main thread is on the various pharmacological possibilities that are being explored to deal with #Covid19.
This thread below is on the basic anatomy of the cell and virus - in as simple terms as I could manage, so that it helps with the main thread. https://twitter.com/PM_Travel_Tours/status/1240619004663746561?s=20
This thread below is on the basic anatomy of the cell and virus - in as simple terms as I could manage, so that it helps with the main thread. https://twitter.com/PM_Travel_Tours/status/1240619004663746561?s=20
"While further research is required, loss of smell, or anosmia, has been reported in as many as one in three patients in South Korea and, in Germany, this figure was as high as two in three patients"
This is such a moving target. https://neurosciencenews.com/covid-19-loss-smell-15964/amp/
This is such a moving target. https://neurosciencenews.com/covid-19-loss-smell-15964/amp/
Okay gotta go now.
At 8 pm i will be beating thalis and screaming "Come Corona Vaccine Come", ululating for good measure, gyrating wildly and spinning like some whirling dervish, till i fall to the floor spent.
God will inspire scientists this way!
Some Rumi, anyone?
At 8 pm i will be beating thalis and screaming "Come Corona Vaccine Come", ululating for good measure, gyrating wildly and spinning like some whirling dervish, till i fall to the floor spent.
God will inspire scientists this way!
Some Rumi, anyone?
"ACE2 regulates cardiovascular function, and according to a search of protein databases, many cell types express ACE2, including lung,heart,kidney,intestine and brain tissue. There are also multiple ways the virus could invade the central nervous system" https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/lost-smell-and-taste-hint-covid-19-can-target-the-nervous-system-67312
"Infection of brainstem cud cause changes that would affect involuntary respiration, suggesting some of the purely respiratory symptoms that you might attribute to the disease,the inability to get air into the lungs,might actually be defects in respiration controlled by the CNS”
"Few, if any,autopsies of these patients are being done because of fear of contracting the disease and if the autopsies are being done,it’s not likely that examiners are looking at the brain,only the lungs"
Not uncommon - this assumption of receptors or peptides being localised.
Not uncommon - this assumption of receptors or peptides being localised.
"The coronavirus is not mutating significantly as it circulates through the human popltn, according to scientists who are studying the novel pathogen’s genetic code. It suggests the virus is less likely to become more or less dangerous as it spreads..." https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/the-coronavirus-isnt-mutating-quickly-suggesting-a-vaccine-would-offer-lasting-protection/2020/03/24/406522d6-6dfd-11ea-b148-e4ce3fbd85b5_story.html
If the main thread seems a bit too science-heavy, feel free to go through this one before returning to return to the main thread,,,,,i had created the sub-thread as an attempt to explain in simple terms the basic mechanics of proteins and receptors. https://twitter.com/PM_Travel_Tours/status/1240619004663746561?s=20
Corona will be beaten by the Human Mind & Science.
Not by god
Unless of course, god is inspiring the ones who are working on it. Which then leaves the possibility of god inspiring the virus too at some stage.
Wrathful god?
Mischievous god?
Helpless god?
Playful god?
Merciful god?
Not by god
Unless of course, god is inspiring the ones who are working on it. Which then leaves the possibility of god inspiring the virus too at some stage.
Wrathful god?
Mischievous god?
Helpless god?
Playful god?
Merciful god?
Could not have said it better. Made me smile :) https://twitter.com/ATJCagan/status/1242971268158234632?s=20
The ones who recovered and were discharged.
Is there any paper on that? What is the trajectory of recovery? What antibodies get ramped up? Are there specific enzymes that up-regulate in response? How does the immune system fight? What do we know for sure by now on these aspects?
Is there any paper on that? What is the trajectory of recovery? What antibodies get ramped up? Are there specific enzymes that up-regulate in response? How does the immune system fight? What do we know for sure by now on these aspects?
This is what beauty of the human spirit looks like.
The cavalry of Science is on the move.
~50k kits a day.
Positive results in 5 mins
Negative results in 13 mins https://twitter.com/AbbottNews/status/1243680163054915584?s=20
~50k kits a day.
Positive results in 5 mins
Negative results in 13 mins https://twitter.com/AbbottNews/status/1243680163054915584?s=20
The human genome is about 32,00,000 kilobases in length.
SARS-COV-2 is about 30 kilobases.
#SundayTrivia
SARS-COV-2 is about 30 kilobases.
#SundayTrivia
The complete genome of the 1st 8 patients [Wuhan] were nearly identical across the whole genome,w/ sequence identity ~ 99·98%.The largest nucleotide difference was four mutations.
Even later sequencing is showing very slow mutation;a fighting immune system can keep up with that.
Even later sequencing is showing very slow mutation;a fighting immune system can keep up with that.
People who have recovered from Covid-19 have antibodies in their blood plasma that maintain a defence against the infection.
The aim of this move is to identify those who are “hyperimmune” to the virus and invite them to donate blood for the treatment. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/mar/29/coronavirus-survivors-blood-plasma-could-be-used-to-fight-infection
The aim of this move is to identify those who are “hyperimmune” to the virus and invite them to donate blood for the treatment. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/mar/29/coronavirus-survivors-blood-plasma-could-be-used-to-fight-infection
What exactly do the #COVID19 tests do? Basically, from the sample taken [usually throat swab], they use the Reverse Transcription real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction to:
1. transcribe RNA to DNA
2. Make copies and amplify target gene [mostly E or N]
3. Confirmatory - ORF1b gene
1. transcribe RNA to DNA
2. Make copies and amplify target gene [mostly E or N]
3. Confirmatory - ORF1b gene
If you go through the thread, you will notice that there is a lot of intelligent methodology being applied to what is inherently a complex structure.The details do boggle the mind.
It is easier to just "believe" and bang thalis, the root of superstition being ignorance.
It is easier to just "believe" and bang thalis, the root of superstition being ignorance.
That is the level of detailing Science has to undertake. Zeroing in on the precise markers within a 30 Kilobase genome length, to isolate what defines SARS-COV-2.
But yeah! Bang thalis since all this is hocus-pocus [yes, i have heard such "science-is-a-belief accusations too]
![That is the level of detailing Science has to undertake. Zeroing in on the precise markers within a 30 Kilobase genome length, to isolate what defines SARS-COV-2.But yeah! Bang thalis since all this is hocus-pocus [yes, i have heard such "science-is-a-belief accusations too]](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EUVejVBU4AIpWQX.jpg "That is the level of detailing Science has to undertake. Zeroing in on the precise markers within a 30 Kilobase genome length, to isolate what defines SARS-COV-2.But yeah! Bang thalis since all this is hocus-pocus [yes, i have heard such \"science-is-a-belief accusations too]")
But yeah! Bang thalis since all this is hocus-pocus [yes, i have heard such "science-is-a-belief accusations too]
As that Poet once said [of Newton i think],the beauty of the rainbow was destroyed by reducing it to mere prismatic colors.
Keats!
Science makes stuff so much more beautiful.The aesthetic appreciation remains,appreciation for the beauty of mechanisms that lie beneath gets added
Keats!
Science makes stuff so much more beautiful.The aesthetic appreciation remains,appreciation for the beauty of mechanisms that lie beneath gets added
Individuals and cults that ache for power [political/religious] usually hate science because the key to power is fear [and hence artificial, divine/temporal solace-laced pills], and the foundational element to fear is ignorance.
Keep people ignorant. Control them easily.
Keep people ignorant. Control them easily.
Like i said somewhere abv,the SARS-COV-2 has not mutated much, which is good news.Mutations make the immune system less effective in dealing with it.
Here are the specific deletions fm a study. 3 deletions in key regions,involving <25 nucleotides each, 90 other across the genome
Here are the specific deletions fm a study. 3 deletions in key regions,involving <25 nucleotides each, 90 other across the genome
For those who are interested, link to full paper here. Primarily around studies concerning mutations in SARS-COV-2
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134820300915
Hint:
Nucleotide codes for amino acid
Gene codes for Protein
Genome is the entire DNA strand.
Deletion is a form of mutation [see abv tweet]
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134820300915
Hint:
Nucleotide codes for amino acid
Gene codes for Protein
Genome is the entire DNA strand.
Deletion is a form of mutation [see abv tweet]
The 16 supercomputers in the network represent 330 petaflops, 775,000 CPU cores, and 34,000 graphics processing units. As a comparison, it would take nearly 100,000 new MacBook Pros working at peak performance to match the results of the supercomputers. https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/covid-19-vaccine-developers-gain-enhanced-access-to-supercomputers-67342
Useful. Very useful. I had raised the issue of antibodies in some tweet way up the thread i think.
Anyway, this is great news. Antibody tests will be crucial for decisions around the reintroduction of workforce and people into the mainstream, so to say. https://www.startribune.com/u-mayo-ready-covid-19-antibody-tests-in-minnesota/569233992/
Anyway, this is great news. Antibody tests will be crucial for decisions around the reintroduction of workforce and people into the mainstream, so to say. https://www.startribune.com/u-mayo-ready-covid-19-antibody-tests-in-minnesota/569233992/
The antibody test is primarily a serology test and serves as useful a purpose as the RT-rtPCR that is being used to detect people with infections. The former checks for antibodies that the body came up with to counter the SARS-COV-2.
https://www.biomedomics.com/products/infectious-disease/covid-19-rt/
https://www.biomedomics.com/products/infectious-disease/covid-19-rt/
Not peer reviewed yet. But fascinating how quickly the world of Science hs bn mvng on SARS-COV-2
Compare that to how fast the State & Media hv moved to spread fear, panic and ignorance.
"A serological assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in humans"
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.17.20037713v1.full.pdf
Compare that to how fast the State & Media hv moved to spread fear, panic and ignorance.
"A serological assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in humans"
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.17.20037713v1.full.pdf
More on the topic of antibodies.
Germany is being very proactive I must say. Come to think of it, India probably needs this test more - given the ease of administration [relatively] and scalability. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/03/29/germany-will-issue-coronavirus-antibody-certificates-allow-quarantined/
Germany is being very proactive I must say. Come to think of it, India probably needs this test more - given the ease of administration [relatively] and scalability. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/03/29/germany-will-issue-coronavirus-antibody-certificates-allow-quarantined/
So basically,while Germany is already planning an exit strategy from #Covid19, India is still busy playing medieval games on religion led from the front by its politicians, opinion-shapers and low IQ crowd in the Media [the lowest being TV News Anchors] as well as on Social Media
Your body, a wonderland:
Antibody-secreting cells (ASCs)
Follicular helper T cells (TFH cells)
CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells
Immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG antibodies
Stress can dial this down quite a bit. Stay in good cheer.
#Immune Response to #SARS_COV_2 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0819-2#MOESM2
Antibody-secreting cells (ASCs)
Follicular helper T cells (TFH cells)
CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells
Immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG antibodies
Stress can dial this down quite a bit. Stay in good cheer.
#Immune Response to #SARS_COV_2 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0819-2#MOESM2
This goes here since stress response, glucocorticoids, immune response to pathogens including SARS-COV-2] are all inter-connected.
See above tweet for body's immune response to the virus in question. https://twitter.com/PM_Travel_Tours/status/1245232670331654144?s=20
See above tweet for body's immune response to the virus in question. https://twitter.com/PM_Travel_Tours/status/1245232670331654144?s=20
Simply using the correlation between age and fatality rate is not indicative of causation. There are other key variables:
ACE 2 receptors
ATL proteins + strength of binding
Relevant gene expression
Relevant immunity molecules
Glucocorticoids
Co-morbidities https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/04/01/coronavirus-how-sick-will-you-get/
ACE 2 receptors
ATL proteins + strength of binding
Relevant gene expression
Relevant immunity molecules
Glucocorticoids
Co-morbidities https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/04/01/coronavirus-how-sick-will-you-get/
And some more good news.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2763983?resultClick=1
Antibody rich Plasma fm those who recovered & tested negative,being used to treat critically ill.More RCTs needed, i believe there are some currently underway. Body's natural immunity system - never under-estimate what it can do.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2763983?resultClick=1
Antibody rich Plasma fm those who recovered & tested negative,being used to treat critically ill.More RCTs needed, i believe there are some currently underway. Body's natural immunity system - never under-estimate what it can do.
Meanwhile, in India,THIS is the progress that Medical Science is making.This is a Govt. handle which is peddling a curious mix of parapsychology, pseudoscience and unverifiable claims. Collective consciousness can dislodge corona virus from ACE2 receptors!
https://twitter.com/mygovindia/status/1245932029327192065?s=20
https://twitter.com/mygovindia/status/1245932029327192065?s=20
This is the video that @mygovindia tweeted and then deleted.
It is an important milestone in the descent into decay of a Government, so inserting it here - a sharp contrast to the tone of the entire thread. https://twitter.com/karishmau/status/1245950575075708928?s=20
It is an important milestone in the descent into decay of a Government, so inserting it here - a sharp contrast to the tone of the entire thread. https://twitter.com/karishmau/status/1245950575075708928?s=20
University of Pittsburgh : potential vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. When tested in mice, the vaccine, delivered through a fingertip-sized patch, produces antibodies specific to SARS-CoV-2 at quantities thought to be sufficient for neutralizing the virus.
https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/ebiom/PIIS2352-3964(20)30118-3.pdf
https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/ebiom/PIIS2352-3964(20)30118-3.pdf
If the Lancet paper shared in tweet above seems too heavy, you could go through a summary of that paper here. https://neurosciencenews.com/covid-19-vaccine-promise-16062/amp/
"Favipiravir works by inhibiting the replication of viral genes within infected cells, thereby mitigating the virus’s ability to spread from one cell to another."
Japan joins the hunt for covid19 treatment. https://www.wired.com/story/japan-is-racing-to-test-a-drug-to-treat-covid-19/?mbid=social_twitter&utm_brand=wired&utm_campaign=wired&utm_medium=social&utm_social-type=owned&utm_source=twitter
Japan joins the hunt for covid19 treatment. https://www.wired.com/story/japan-is-racing-to-test-a-drug-to-treat-covid-19/?mbid=social_twitter&utm_brand=wired&utm_campaign=wired&utm_medium=social&utm_social-type=owned&utm_source=twitter
Finally!!! Rapid antibody tests.
This was being highlighted by so many for so long - ICMR finally wakes up.
https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/icmr-gives-nod-for-rapid-antibody-test-to-detect-covid-19-in-hotspot-areas/story-yW35kCeXHJk4PSiESHygCK.html
The other key benefit, if they see this through, would be identifying potential plasma donors from those who recover. Good move.
This was being highlighted by so many for so long - ICMR finally wakes up.
https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/icmr-gives-nod-for-rapid-antibody-test-to-detect-covid-19-in-hotspot-areas/story-yW35kCeXHJk4PSiESHygCK.html
The other key benefit, if they see this through, would be identifying potential plasma donors from those who recover. Good move.
Yessssss!
There is a paper on this somewhere in this thread too.
Gilead switching to “expanded access” from a “compassionate use” program for Remdesivir. More than 1,700 patients have been treated through these programs. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-04/gilead-to-donate-experimental-coronavirus-drug-for-140-000-cases?cmpid=socialflow-twitter-business&utm_campaign=socialflow-organic&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter&utm_content=business
There is a paper on this somewhere in this thread too.
Gilead switching to “expanded access” from a “compassionate use” program for Remdesivir. More than 1,700 patients have been treated through these programs. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-04/gilead-to-donate-experimental-coronavirus-drug-for-140-000-cases?cmpid=socialflow-twitter-business&utm_campaign=socialflow-organic&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter&utm_content=business
While India will indulge in some hollow symbolism egged on by a clueless government, the cavalry of science is well and truly on the move elsewhere.
Kudos to the science, research and medical community for their hunt for a solution while god sleeps. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354220302011
Kudos to the science, research and medical community for their hunt for a solution while god sleeps. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354220302011
Atom-by-atom simulation of the coronavirus spike protein. The virus uses the stray grey ribbon at the top of the spike protein to attach to and invade healthy human cells.
Video: Lorenzo Casalino, Zied Gaieb, Rommie Amaro /UC SAN DIEGO
https://cutt.ly/8tKbpWl
Video: Lorenzo Casalino, Zied Gaieb, Rommie Amaro /UC SAN DIEGO
https://cutt.ly/8tKbpWl
The best article i have read on the #COVID19 . Factors in almost all aspects arnd the mechanism,biochemical processes,genetic transfer,the proteins,cytokine & immune system & the routes being taken by the cavalry of science for possible treatment measures https://twitter.com/sarahzhang/status/1248251196558753794?s=20
And @sarahzhang ,the links provided within your piece, all taken together - terrific job.Writing on the science of this stuff is not easy - but i think you have managed to convert the knowledge into very easily comprehensible bits. Easy to take in and make sense of the whole.
