native siberian peoples: a thread

siberia numbers just a bit over 40 million people: a vast land. in siberia we also have indigenous peoples, but their ways of life are constantly threatened by corporations like lukoil. an example are the khanty and mansi, ugric people, whose tribal lands have been devastated-

-by gas and oil companies drilling into it. russia has also attempted numerous times to assimilate them into russian society, forcing them to abandon their tribal systems and ways of life and creating cities to contain them in.

the khanty and the mansi live today in an area known as yugra, or as khanty-mansi autonomous okrug.

samoyedic peoples are mostly represented by the nenets, enets and nganasan - spreading from the nenets/yamalo-nenets autonomous okrug, and taymyr peninsula, to the yenisei river. nganasans (pics) are semi-nomadic and reindeer hunters, who live in taymyr. they are aprox. 1000.

the nenets live in the yamalo-nenets autonomous okrug and the nenets autonomous okrug. they are samoyedic, and speak tundra and forest / khandeyar nenets language - they are mutually intelligible. they have shamanistic beliefs and have a clan-based structure.

the enets are also called yenisei nenets. they live near the mouth of the yenisei river, and are historically nomadic. now they live in villages. it is estimated there are under 300 enets in the world. they are stripped of their culture, demoralized. under Khrushchev, the-

reindeer collectives have been severely affected by acid rain from nickel smelters - in norilsk. they have resorted to alcoholism, and their life expectancy is very low.

the yukaghir: the yukaghir live in the basin of the kolyma river, mostly split into two groups: tundra yukaghirs and taiga yukaghirs. there are approximatively 1500 yukaghirs left. they were split into 13 tribes: vadul-alais, odul, chuvan, anaoul, lavren, olyuben, omok, penjin-

khodynts, khoromoy, shoromboy, yandin, and yandyr. the anaoul perished to what others consider a genocide by the tsarist colonial policy.

buryats! the buryats in russia (aprox. 436,000 of them) live mostly in the republic of buryatia. they are a mongolic people, the northernmost group. historically, they had a nomadic way of life, herding and erecting yurts/gers. nowadays, most live in the capital of ulan-ude.

turkic people: turkic people of siberia are represented by the sakhas, dolgans, tuvans, siberian tatars and the shor.
(pictured: shor, and then tuvans- tuvans are known for their style of throat singing)

sakhas, a turkic people, inhabit the sakha republic in far east siberia. they raise cattle, reindeer and horses. suffering persecution in tsarist age and in soviet times, they are still very connected to their culture. they mostly practice shamanism and orthodox christianity.

tuvans: inhabiting the tuva republic, they speak tuvan- a turkic language. they live a semi-nomadic life, herding livestock: cattle, yaks, sheep. they are mostly known for their distinct style of throat singing, khöömei or xoomej. they usually practice shamanism

dolgans are a turkic people inhabiting krasnoyarsk krai, historically nomadic hunters and reindeer herders. the creation of the kolkhozy prevented them from continuing this lifestyle. they speak the dolgan language, which is theorized to be a dialect of the sakha language.

siberian tatars live in the vast steppes of southern siberia, practicing sunni islam. their language isn't being used in education, instead being replaced by russian and volga tatar. they call themselves yerle qalyq to distinguish from the volga tatars.

shor: considered a turkic people, they inhabit the tom basin. majority were converted to orthodox christianity but they still maintain shamanic practices. a shor environmental activist, aleksandr arbachakov, received a Whitley award for his work protecting sustainable communities

the evenks are a tungusic and pastoralist hunter-gatherer people living in the evenk autonomous okrug. they practice buddhism nowadays, and usually live in the taiga.

the "paleo-siberians" are constituted by four distinct language families, that are also isolated languages.

1) chukchis, koryaks, and the distant itelmens constitute the chukotko-kamchatkan family.

2) ket (or ostygan) are one of the last surviving of the yeniseian family. a significant aspect of their culture are dolls- considered household deities that protect the ket at night.

nivkh inhabit the basin of the amur river and the northern half of the sakhalin island. historically they were forced to pay tribute to qing dynasty and then were colonized by cossacks. they have been assimilated into russian society, replacing nivkh cuisine with russian cuisine.

the reason for this thread is to bring awareness to the cultural diversity of siberian lands – oftentimes neglected. and it's a duty to protect or preserve the rich cultures of siberians, that have suffered for centuries under pressures of assimilation.

imagine being a swiftie