0/ Crypto is slowly reinventing many of the tools startups + entrepreneurs created over the last 20 years. Coordinating groups of humans to create long- term value is hard. Human nature still has consistent failure modes. There will be crypto-native versions of all of the below.

1/ seed capital - people have bills to pay, in fiat. Investors have $$$$, entrepreneurs have skills. Bringing these together in a formal agreement that aligns long term interests is an unsolved problem in crypto. Donations will not scale imo: https://www.grin-forum.org/t/solved-early-disappointments/3682

2/ vesting - founders and employees should vest their equity/tokens over time. A multi-million dollar windfall leads to most people bailing on a project. It takes years to create real value and vesting aligns long term interests. How many ICOs cashed out and bailed?

3/ liquidity lockups - VC financing and IPOs have lockups on investors. Being able to dump a huge % of stock leads to a death spiral that guts a company's workforce. How many projects went in to a death spiral because investors dumped the token and killed a team's incentives?

4/ option pools - a company has a pool of equity to reward new employees. If more value (in $ terms) is created in years 4-7, employees generate significant wealth. Google made 1000 millionaires at IPO! What are the incentives for engineer 20 to join a crypto network post-launch?

5/ discretionary refresher packages -- if someone turns out to be a far more valuable contributor than initially expected, the company gives her a massive equity refresher. How do crypto networks reward people who create unexpected, disproportionate value?

6/ board of directors - what happens if the initial team is dysfunctional? What if there is clearly one bad actor in the team? What happens if someone does something illegal? Do token holders, contributors, foundation employees, etc. actually have an escalation path?

7/ M&A and acquihires - sometimes you need to bring in talented people as a group + align their incentives with yours more than their previous company's. Right now the incentive is for everyone to start their own project @andy_bromberg touched on this: https://medium.com/@andy_bromberg/what-the-first-token-hostile-takeover-could-look-like-c40be3ccb6b5

8/ I'm sure there are many others and would love to hear other ideas. Solutions to the above will clearly need to be crypto-native, e.g. a fork solves some of the problems a board of directors does (though not all of them)